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中文摘要：
定向排列技术是一维纳米材料应用中的一项关键技术。论述了LB（Langmuir-Blodgett）膜法、介电泳法、接触印刷法和水流法几类定向排列方法及其特点。LB膜法利用材料的两亲特性，将一维纳米材料铺展在水面，压缩水面成膜区域，使材料取向排列；介电泳法借助材料在交变电场中的极化现象，使一维纳米材料沿着电极之间的电场线方向定向排列；接触印刷法利用材料和衬底表面的范德华力使一维纳米材料脱离施主衬底，定向排列到受主衬底上；水流法利用流体的冲刷作用或者液体的毛细效应，使一维纳米材料呈取向性排列。介绍了这些物理、化学和机械方法在一维纳米材料定向排布加工方面所具有的不同特色和适用条件。
英文摘要：
The alignment technology of one-dimensional materials plays a key role in their application. Several approaches and characteristics of the one-dimensional nano-materials alignment, includes LB, dielectrophoresis, contact printing and fluid flow methods are discussed. The amphiphilic property of materials is used in LB methods, one-dimensional nano-materials are aligned on the surface of the aqueous solution. The polarization phenomenon in the alternating electrical field is utilized in dielectrophoresis methods, one-dimensional materials are aligned along electric field lines. The van der Waals force between materials and substrate surfaces is used in contact printing method to transfer one-dimensional materials from the donor substrate to the receiver substrate. One-dimensional materials are aligned either by the flow or the capillary force in fluid methods. The feature and application condition of these methods based on physical, chemical or mechanical effects are introduced.
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