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中文摘要：
建立轨道有限元一边界元振动声辐射模型。用三维实体有限元模型模拟钢轨、轨下垫层、轨枕和道床，以轮轨联合粗糙度作为激励源，并考虑接触滤波的影响。采用有限元法计算轨道结构的系统响应，以轨道结构速度响应作为输入，利用声学边界元法计算轨道结构的声辐射。分析比较本文模型和已有轨道声辐射模型的数值结果表明：在中低频区域内，二者具有较好的一致性；在高频区域，本文模型数值结果更加合理。本文讨论轨道结构参数对轨道系统声辐射影响，结果表明：不同轨道参数对轨道结构声辐射影响程度不同。通过对轨道结构系统参数优化设置，可达到减振降噪效果。
英文摘要：
The hybrid FEM-BEM vibro-acoustic model for railway tracks is established. The 3D entity finite element model of the railway track structure is used to simulate the dynamic behavior of the track structure consisting of the rails, rail-pads, sleepers and ballast. Calculation of the track vibration responses takes the combined wheel-rail surface roughness as the relative displacement excitation input to the track system, and includes the wheel-rail contact area filtering effect on the surface roughness. The velocity responses are used as the boundary condition in calculating the noise radiation with the acoustic boundary element model. Comparing the numerical results of the proposed model with those of the existing sound radiation models, it reveals that the results of the proposed model are more reasonable in the high-frequency range. Numerical simulation is made to investigate the influence of track structure parameters on the vibration and acoustic characteristics of the track system. It is conclude that different track structure parameters have different degrees of influence on sound radiations of the track system and optimization of track structure parameters may reduce vibration and sound radiation of the track system.
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