在环—块式高速摩擦磨损试验机上,试验研究电流I=100~300A、滑动速度v=120~170km/h和法向载荷Fn=100~200N条件下纯碳滑板/铜接触线的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:无电流时,碳滑板磨损率很低,一般不超过0.0014g/km,但摩擦因数较高,一般在0.30以上。加入电流后,碳滑板的磨损率明显增加,达到无电流时磨损率的10倍多;而摩擦因数明显降低,一般在0.24~0.30间波动。观察碳滑板磨损形貌发现,无电流时磨痕面积较小,随着电流的增加磨痕面积不断增大;且磨损面出现电弧烧蚀的黑色流线和麻点。滑动速度、法向载荷对碳滑板摩擦磨损性能影响较小,而电流作用引起的高温磨损和电弧烧蚀是导致碳滑板材料磨损加剧的主要因素。
Friction and wear behavior of pure carbon strip/copper contact wire are studied on a high speed ring-on-block tester under the conditions of electric current of 100~300 A,sliding velocity of 80~180 km/h and normal force of 100~200 N.The test result indicates that without electric current,the wear rate of the carbon sliding strip is generally less than 0.014 2 g/km and the friction coefficient is generally higher than 0.3.When electric current was applied,the wear rate of the carbon strip increases significantly up to 10 times of that without electric current.However,the friction coefficient decreases significantly,generally varies between 0.24 and 0.3.Through observing the worn surface topography of the carbon strips,it is found that the areas of worn scars without electric current are smaller than those with electric current and that the areas become larger and larger with increasing electric current.In the presence of electric current,dark arc ablation stream-lines and pits are clearly observed on the worn surfaces.The sliding velocity and normal force have slight effects on the friction and wear behavior of carbon strip/copper contact wire.Electric current is found to be a main factor causing severe wear of the carbon strip material due to its producing high temperature wear and arc ablation.