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中文摘要：
农田养分的大量流失已成为农业面源污染的主要来源之一，研究生态沟渠对稻田降雨径流氮磷拦截效应具有重要意义。针对水稻不同生长期内的降雨以及降雨的不同时段下生态沟渠对稻田径流氮磷的动态拦截效应研究缺乏的现状，本文选取太湖西岸何家浜流域典型农田作为研究对象，将该流域的自然排水沟渠改造为生态沟渠。研究了生态沟渠对水稻不同生长期内的3场降雨径流的氮磷去除效果。研究结果表明：（1）在3场不同强度的降雨过程中，生态沟渠对TN（总氮）的平均去除率为31．4％，TP（总磷）的平均去除率为40．8％；（2）生态沟渠对降雨径流不同形态氮磷的去除率大小为NH4＋-N（氨氮）〉PN（颗粒态氮）〉NO3--N（硝态氮），PP（颗粒态磷）〉DP（溶解态磷），且PN和PP的去除率随沟渠径流量的增大而呈现下降趋势；（3）生态沟渠底泥总氮、总磷浓度在水稻的生长周期内呈现先增加后降低的趋势，说明生态沟渠具有一定的自净能力，对氮磷的拦截去除具有可持续性。
英文摘要：
With huge loss of farmland nutrient becoming a main source of agricuhural non-point source pol- lution, it is significant to study the interception effects of ecological ditch on nitrogen and phosphorus in the rainfall runoff happened in different rice growth period, which has rarely been reported before. In this paper, a typical area of farmland was chosen in Hejiabang Creek basin surrounding Tai Lake. The ecologi- cal ditch was built based on the transformation of natural drainage ditch. Besides, the interception effects of ecological ditch on nitrogen and phosphorus in the three rainfall runoff events happened in different rice growth periods was monitored. The results show that （1） in the process of three different rainfall events,the average removal rate of TN （total nitrogen） and TP （total phosphorus） by ecological ditch are 31.4% and 40.8% respectively; （2） the sort order of nitrogen and phosphorus removal rate by ecological ditch is NH4~-N （ammonia nitrogen） 〉 PN （grain nitrogen） 〉 NO3--N （nitrate nitrogen） and PP （particles phospho- rus） 〉 DP （dissolved phosphorus）, and the removal rates of PN and PP present down trend along with the increase of the ditch runoff; and （3） ditch sediment content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus in the growth period of rice show a trend of lower after the first increase, which indicates that the ecological ditch has certain self-purification ability and sustainability to the interception of nitrogen and phosphorus.
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