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强降雨特性对饱和–非饱和边坡失稳破坏的影响

ISSN号：1000-6915
期刊名称：《岩石力学与工程学报》
时间：0
分类：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学;天文地球—地质矿产勘探;天文地球—地质学]
作者机构：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072
相关基金：国家创新研究群体科学基金资助项目（51321065）; 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51379141）; 天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划（13JCYBJC19400）

关键词：边坡工程, 降雨入渗, 饱和–非饱和渗流, 降雨雨型, 降雨强度, 破坏接近度, slope engineering, rainfall infiltration, saturated-unsaturated seepage, rainfall pattern, rainfall intensity, failure approach index

中文摘要：

在调研和总结国内典型灾害性滑坡的基础上,概化典型边坡数值模型,进行饱和–非饱和边坡的瞬态渗流场与应力场的耦合分析。结合强度折减技术进行瞬态渗流作用下边坡稳定性计算,得到边坡整体稳定安全系数,并基于ABAQUS软件实现渗流与应力耦合作用下的破坏接近度（FAI）评价方法,多角度综合探究强降雨特性对边坡失稳机制及稳定性的影响。结果表明：（1）强降雨会导致边坡临空面特别是下部土体的应力程度恶化,易使边坡出现滑流冲蚀和局部的坍塌失稳;（2）雨型对边坡孔压的时空演化、变形响应、安全系数及FAI的影响均明显,孔压和变形与雨型各时刻的雨强呈正相关关系;（3）低强度长持时降雨会渐次增加深层土体的孔压,易使边坡产生深层滑动失稳,而高强度短持时降雨易使坡趾最先失稳,之后破坏区向坡顶渐进扩展;（4）雨强与安全系数呈反比关系,当雨强由12 mm/h增大到36 mm/h时,安全系数约降低17%,且雨强直接影响边坡破坏区的破坏程度和非破裂区的危险程度,高强度的暴雨更易使坡趾出现滑移失稳。

英文摘要：

Based on surveying and summarizing typical domestic landslide disasters,a saturated-unsaturated slope model was generalized and the software platform of ABAQUS was applied to solve the model by method of a coupled analysis of transient seepage field and stress field under the infiltration of heavy rainfalls. Combined strength reduction technique to analyze the slope stability under transient seepage,and safety factors of the overall stability were gained,proposing and implementing the evaluation method of failure approach index（FAI） by coupling of seepage and stress fields,revealing slope rock mass strength reserve,the degree of damage and criticality of non-rupture areas to explore the impacts of heavy rainfall characteristics on slope failure mechanism and stability from various angles. Results showed that：（1） Heavy rainfall will lead stress levels to deteriorate in the slope free face particularly lower rock mass,with easily bring about flow erosion damage and partial collapse.（2） The effect of rainfall patterns on time and space evolution of pore pressure,deformation response,safety factors and FAI is obvious,pore pressure and deformation are positive correlation to different raininesses.（3） Pore pressure will increase gradually under the long duration rainfall with low intensity and easily lead to deep slide damage. The slope toe is the first failure region under the short duration rainfall with high intensity.（4） Rain intensity is inversely proportional with the safety factor which is reduced by approximately 17% when raininess varies from 12 mm/h to 36 mm/h,which affects the extent of failure parts and criticality in non-rupture parts,and high-intensity rainstorms make it easier for the slope toe slippage.

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