中文摘要：

为探索梵净山珍稀植物梵净山冷杉、南方红豆杉和珙桐林下的土壤特征，采用野外调查采样和室内分析方法，对其土壤机械组成、pH、CEC、有机质、N、P、K元素含量进行测定，分析各林下土壤机械组成与土壤化学特性及其关系。结果表明：梵净山冷杉林下土壤颗粒组成为中砂〉细砂〉粗粉粒≈粘粒〉细粉粒〉中粉粒，为轻壤土；南方红豆杉林下土壤颗粒组成为细砂粒〉粗粉粒〉细粉粒≈中粉粒〉中砂≈粘粒，为重壤土；珙桐林下土壤颗粒组成为细粉粒〉粘粒≈粗粉粒〉中粉粒〉中砂〉细砂，为重壤土。3种土壤均为酸性反应，全磷和全钾含量较低；梵净山冷杉林下土壤有机质、CEC、碱解氮和全氮含量达极丰富水平，有效磷和速效钾含量为丰富水平；南方红豆杉林下土壤有机质、碱解氮含量为极丰富水平，全氮、有效磷、速效钾、CEC含量为丰富水平；珙桐林下土壤碱解氮含量为极丰富水平，有机质、全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量适宜。梵净山冷杉林下土壤粗粉粒、细粉粒与全钾含量呈显著正相关，物理性粘粒与有效磷含量呈显著负相关；南方红豆杉林下土壤中砂粒与pH值、有效磷含量呈显著正相关，中粉粒、物理性粘粒与pH呈显著负相关，粘粒与碱解氮呈极显著正相关、与pH显著负相关；珙桐林下土壤的中砂粒与速效钾含量呈显著正相关，细砂与全磷含量呈显著正相关，细粉粒与pH呈显著负相关，物理性粘粒与有效磷含量呈显著正相关。3种珍稀植物林下土壤质地不同，养分含量有所差异，梵净山冷杉林质地轻，南方红豆杉、珙桐林质地较为粘重。

英文摘要：

The mechanical composition, pH, CEC, organic matter, N, P and K content of soils in different rare plant forest were determined by field survey and laboratory analysis methods and then the relations between soil mechanical composition and chemical properties to discuss soil characteristics in Abiesfanjingshanensis, Taxus wallichiana vat. Mairei and Davidia involucrata BaiU forest in Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve. Results：The particle composition of soil in Abiesfanjingshanensis forest is medium sand 〉 fine sand 〉 coarse silt-clay 〉 fine silt 〉 medium silt and the soil type in Abiesfanjingshanensis forest belongs to light loam soil. The particle composition of soil in Taxus wallichiana var. Mairei forest is fine sand 〉 coarse silt 〉 fine silt- medium slit 〉 medium sand-clay and the soil type in Taxus wallichiana var. Mairei forest belongs to heavy loam soil. The particle composition in Davidia involucrata Baill forest is fine silt 〉 clay-coarse silt 〉 medium silt 〉 medium sand 〉 fine sand and the soil type in Davidia involucrata Baill forest belongs to heavy loam soil. Three soil samples all present acid reaction and their total phosphorus and total potassium content is lower. The organic matter, CEC, available nitrogen and total nitrogen content of soil in Abiesfanjingshanensis forest is at very abundant level and its effective phosphorus and rapidly available potassium content is at abundant level. The organic matter and available nitrogen content of soil in Taxus wallichiana var. Mairei forest is at very abundant level and its total nitrogen, effective phos- phorus, rapidly available potassium and CEC content is at abundant level. The available nitrogen content of soil in Davidia involucrata Baill forest is at very abundant level and its organic matter, total nitrogen, effective phosphorus and rapidly available potassium content is at suitable level. There are significant positive correlations between soil coarse silt, fine silt and total potassium content and a significant negativ