中文摘要：

利用26对黄牛微卫星引物，对分别来自云南省泸水县凤凰山大额牛保种区和贡山县独龙野牛种源保护基地的2个大额牛群体进行遗传变异分析，研究其群体内的遗传变异和群体间的遗传分化。结果共检测到105个等位基因，每个座位的等位基因数从2～6不等，所有座位平均等位基因数、平均有效等位基因数、平均期望杂合度、平均多态信息含量分别为4．0385±0．9999，3．1393±0．9507，0．6490±0．1246和0．5904±0．1334，表明大额牛群遗传多样性比较丰富。F统计量、基因流、Nei氏遗传距离和遗传相似系数等值反映出两个群体遗传差异较小，遗传分化不明显，遗传一致性较大。

英文摘要：

Genetic diversity of gayal conservation region of mountain Fenghuang in county Lushui and gayal protection base in county Gongshan in Yunnan province was evaluated with 26 microsatellite loci of cattle, the genetic variability within population and genetic differentiation between populations were investigated. A total of 105 alleles were found, the numbers of alleles per locus were from 2 to 6, the average allele number, effective allele number, expected heterozygosity and polymorphism information content for the population sampled were 4. 038 5 ± 0. 999 9, 3. 139 3±0. 950 7, 0. 649 0 ± 0. 124 6 and 0. 590 4 ±0. 133 4, respectively, all of which revealed that the genetic diversity in the population of gayal was high. The result of F-statistics, gene flow, Nei＇ s genetic distance and genetic identity indicated that genetic difference was ralatively small and genetic differentiation was low, with high genetic identity between two populations.