中文摘要：

燃煤机组发电时排放大量的CO_2等气体对环境造成一定的负外部性。通过引入气体排放的环境成本,将煤耗经济性与其环境成本有机结合后构建了满足节能减排要求的负荷分配优化模型,借助量子遗传算法对该模型进行了有效求解,并以某电力系统一典型日为例加以分析,同时探讨了部分机组加装脱硫脱硝装置后系统负荷分配变化情况。结果表明：该负荷分配优化模型能有效兼顾节能减排目标,并有助于激发燃煤电厂采取诸如加装脱硫脱硝装置等减排技术的积极性。

英文摘要：

When coal-fired units work, the plenty of gases emission including CO,, exerts a certain negative externality on the environment. With the environmental cost of gases emission introduced, this paper organically combines the coal consumption economy and environmental cost of coal-fired units to establish the optimization model of power system＇ s load dispatch that meets the requirement of energy saving and emission reduction. This model is effectively solved by using quantum genetic algorithm. Taking a typical day of a power system as an instance, the paper carries out the analysis, and discusses the change in the power system＇s load dispatch ＇after some units are equipped with desulphurization and denitration devices. The results demonstrate that this load dispatch model considering environmental cost can effectively balance energy saving and emission reduction objectives, and is also helpful to motivate the initiative of coal-fired power plants in adopting emission reduction techniques such as installing the desulphurization and denitration devices.