中文摘要：

基于水资源量质统一的基本属性,论述了用水与排污双总量控制的必要性以及初始水量权与初始排污权统一分配的科学性,提出二维水权的概念。确定了流域初始二维水权分配遵循的具体原则,建立了各原则视角下的水资源系统和谐度函数;构建了以水资源系统和谐度最大为目标的流域初始二维水权分配模型。以北江流域为背景进行实例分析,计算结果表明：本文模型有效,并且通过建立超标排污对水量分配的惩罚函数,把超标排污的外部性内化到水量分配上,实现了初始水量权与初始排污权分配的统一。

英文摘要：

The initial water right allocation is the premise that undertaking water right trade-off,improving water utilization efficiency and benefit.Since water quantity and water quality are two basic properties of water resources,the concept that the two-dimensional water right which means the right of initial water quantity and the right of initial water quantity must be simutaneously considered is suggested.A two-dimensional water right initial allocation model is established in which the maximum of water resources system harmonious degree in a river basin is regarded as object function.As a case study,the allocation model is applied to initial water right allocation in the Beijiang Rive Basin,a major branch of the Pearl River.The result indicates that the model is effective and the allocation scheme is rational.