中文摘要：

近年来，国外领导学理论研究人员开始关注领导过程中追随者及其追随行为的作用。本文通过回顾国外追随理论的相关研究成果，通过对53位在中国企业任职的基层员工和管理层进行个别深入访谈，归纳出中国企业有效追随行为的主要特征，并对中、外员工，以及基层和管理层认知的有效追随行为特征进行比较分析。分析结果表明，团队合作、正面心理、主动行为、表达观点、适应性、服从、沟通、忠诚、可靠、主人翁意识、使命感、正直等12个特征是中、外员工、以及中国企业基层和管理层共同认知的有效追随行为的主要特征，但不同群体对这些特征的看重程度和理解程度均有所不同。此外，协调能力、学习、职业激情等3个特征是中国企业管理层对有效追随行为特有的认知。该研究结果揭示了不同情景下有效追随行为特征的共性和独特性，为今后研究人员深入开展追随理论的研究提供了初步的实证依据。

英文摘要：

In decades, some of leadership researchers have began to pay close attention to the role of followers in the process ofleadership and followership and the impact of effective followership behaviors. Base on the reviews of the broad theory of followershipinto leadership research, this study adopts a qualitative approach, which carried out Individual in-depth interviews with 53employees (including non-supervisory, middle management and supervisory) in various industries in China, to sum up themain characteristics of effective followership behaviors in Chinese enterprises and compare two levels of the cognition of behaviorscharacteristics: Chinese employees and foreign employees, non-supervisory and management. The result shows that there are12 characteristics that is Team player, Positive attitude, Initiative/proactive behavior, Expressing opinions, Flexibility/openness, Obedience/ deference, Communication skills, Loyalty/support, Responsible/dependable, Taking ownership,Mission conscience, Integrity being recognized commonly by Chinese and foreign employees, however, different groupshad different view of the understanding and significance of these characteristics in varying degree. In addition, there are 3characteristics, such as coordination, studying and passion, being recognized by middle management and supervisory in China.These findings display that similarities and diversities of effective followership behaviors, as well as have important implicationsregarding a need to examine the construct of followership in leadership research so that provide a preliminary empirical basis.