以蚕豆为材料,研究了模拟酸雨及酸雨与铝共同作用的细胞遗传学效应.结果表明,根尖细胞有丝分裂指数随Al^3+浓度的升高和环境酸度的增强而下降;处理组细胞中出现了多种染色体异常,如染色体粘连、滞后及断裂等.模拟酸雨及其与低浓度Al^3+(3mg/L)共同作用时可诱发蚕豆根尖细胞微核,其中pH4.5组微核率高于pH3.5组.模拟酸雨与高浓度的Al^3+(10~180mg/L)复合处理可引起根尖细胞固缩,固缩率随Al^3+浓度增加和pH降低而增高.研究结果表明,pH4.5和pH3.5的模拟酸雨和Al^3+对蚕豆根尖细胞具有遗传损伤作用,其效应与Al^3+浓度和环境酸度有关.
The cytogenetic damage jointly caused by simulated acid rain (mixture of SO^42- : NO3^-, 8 : 1, n/n) and alumi- num (A1^3+ ) was investigated using Viciafaba root tips. The results showed that mitotic index decreased with the increasing of A1^3 + concentration and declining of pH value. Either simulated acid rains ( pH 4. 5 and pH 3.5, respectively) or a combination of A1^3+ (3 mg/L) and acid rain caused micronuclei and chromosome aberrations, such as chromosomal stickiness, lagging and breakage. Pycnosis occurred dose- and acidity-dependently in 10 N 180 mg/L A1^3+ -treated V. faba root cells. The results of this study suggest that the simulated acid rain and A1^3+ are genotoxic to plant cells and their toxic effects are worse at lower pH.