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中文摘要：
采用热压成型方法制备碳／酚醛树脂预制体，再经高温碳化得到开气孔率为27％、密度约1．27g／cm^3并具有预期孔隙结构的碳／碳复合材料。研究了200～900℃预制体转化为碳／碳复合材料过程中，材料的密度、开气孔率、失重率、以及内部微观结构随温度的变化。分析了材料在高温分解过程中微观结构演变规律。结果表明，酚醛树脂主要在400～700℃大量分解，其分解速率约为其余温度范围的4倍，该温度范围失重率增加了14％、开气孔率增加了18％。在高于400℃时形成大量裂纹与孔隙，随着温度升高裂纹增多并进一步扩展，900℃碳化后形成一种连通的特征性微观裂缝网格模式。高温分解后碳／碳复合材料中总孔容约0．17cm^3／g，其中81％的孔隙半径在122．190～2．440um范围内。
英文摘要：
The carbon/carbon （C/C） composites within the matrix-crack microstructure were prepared by pyrolyzing carbon fiber/phenolic resin composite which was compacted by hot pressing. The material density of C/C composites was about 1.27 g/cm^3 , and the open porosity was 27% after pyrolysis at 900℃. The alterations of density, open porosity and mass loss during pyrolysis from 200℃ to 900℃ were investigated. The microstructural evolution of phenolic resin-based C/C composites during pyrolysis was analyzed. The phenolic resin mainly decomposed from 400℃ to 700℃, and the decomposition rate was 4 times that of other temperature ranges. A high amount of regularly spaced segmentation cracks formed above 400℃ , and further increased and expanded with elevated temperature. A microscopic network of the characteristic interconnecting crack pattern within C/C composites was developed after pyrolysis at 900℃. The total pore volume of C/C composites was 0. 17cm^3/g, and 81% of the pores were in the radius range of 122. 190-2. 440um.
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