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中文摘要：
采用静态染毒法,研究了不同浓度重金属铅（Pb2＋）对罗非鱼（Tilapia niloticus）外周血细胞和肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性（SOD）的影响。结果表明,各Pb2＋处理组罗非鱼血细胞核异常率极显著增加;中、低浓度Pb2＋处理组（2.0、4.0 mg/L）罗非鱼血红细胞数下降,但差异不显著,高浓度Pb2＋处理组（8.0 mg/L）罗非鱼血红细胞数极显著下降;各处理组白细胞数目随着时间的延长和浓度的增加而显著增加,处理1 d时达最大值,然后有所回落。在试验剂量范围内,Pb2＋对罗非鱼肝脏SOD活性均有不同程度的影响,低浓度Pb2＋暴露时,罗非鱼肝组织中SOD活性的变化在短时间内不明显,但随着处理时间的延长,Pb2＋提高了SOD的活性,导致＂毒物兴奋效应＂;高浓度Pb2＋暴露时均抑制了肝脏的SOD活性,其作用随着暴露时间的延长和浓度的升高而增强。表明罗非鱼外周血核异常率和肝脏SOD活性能够灵敏地指示水环境中的铅污染。
英文摘要：
Effects of Pb on blood cells and the activities of Superoxide Dismutase（SOD） in liver of Tilapia niloticus were studied.Tilapia niloticus was randomly devided into 4 groups（3 experimental groups and one control group,each group with 20 fish）.Experimental groups were exposed to different concentrations of Pb2＋（2 mg/L,4 mg/L and 8 mg/L）.Then the blood cell were counted and determined.The results showed that compared with the control,the nucleus abnormity rate and the micronucleus rate of Tilapia niloticus were increased significantly,the red blood cell hao no obvious change.Different concentration Pb2＋ dealing all had induced effects on SOD in Tilapia niloticus liver,and the activity of SOD increased in 2 mg/L and 4 mg/L concentrations,but decreaed in the 8 mg/L concentrations.The blood cells and SOD activity in liver can be used as indicators to evaluate Pb2＋ in water pollution examination.
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