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中文摘要：
随着城镇化进程推进与机动化水平提升,交通拥堵成为困扰我国各大城市的难题。基于《2016年天津市居民交通与住房调查问卷》,从城市居民个体认知视角分析交通拥堵成因、评价治堵措施。结果表明：第一,交通拥堵的主要成因包括道路两侧违规占道、机动车与非机动车混行和居民交通安全法制意识薄弱;第二,相较于拥堵收费政策,居民更加支持公交优先政策;第三,不同性别、年龄、收入水平人群对交通拥堵成因的感知以及政策的评价存在差异。因此,提出加强交通法制建设、推进公交优先发展战略、优化道路交通信号系统等对策。
英文摘要：
As urbanization and motorization proceeds, traffic congestion has become a problem plaguing our major cities. On the basis of 2016 transportation and housing questionnaire survey in Tianjin, this paper analyzes the causes of traffic congestion and evaluates traffic policies. Its result indicates that the main factors causing traffic congestion are vehicle violations on parking both sides of the road arbitrarily, residents＇ poor awareness of traffic rules and mixed non-motor vehicles with motor vehicles on the road. Meanwhile, compared to the congestion charging policies, residents are more inclined to increase rail transit and other related public transport policies. Finally, the differences causing by different gender, age and income level consist in people＇s perception of the causes of traffic congestion and the evaluation of policies. Therefore, it is suggested to strengthen the construction of traffic legal system, promote public transport priority development strategy and optimize road traffic signal system.
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