中文摘要：

用嗜水气单胞菌人工感染美洲鳗鲡（Anguilla rostrata）,采集死亡或濒死鳗鲡的心脏、肝脏、肾脏和脾脏,通过病理组织切片染色观察其病理变化,从组织病理学角度研究嗜水气单胞菌（Aeromonas hydrophila）对美洲鳗鲡的致病性.结果表明,美洲鳗鲡感染嗜水气单胞菌后注射部位出现溃疡,其组织病理变化主要见于肾脏,表现为肾小球毛细血管肿胀,肾小囊囊腔狭窄;肾间质出血,有较多的炎性细胞浸润;肾小管变性崩解,上皮细胞肿胀,颗粒或水泡变性,大部分上皮细胞脱落进入管腔,管腔内有蛋白管型和细胞碎片.肝脏弥散性出血,肝细胞水肿变圆,空泡变性,部分肝细胞溶解、消失;肝中央静脉扩张,充盈红细胞;肝血窦瘀血,肝组织间含铁血黄素沉着.脾淋巴细胞明显减少,白髓几乎消失;被膜结缔组织增厚、出血;脾炎性水肿,部分实质细胞坏死,出现许多网孔;脾间质小动脉管壁严重水肿增厚.心肌纤维出现不同程度的颗粒变性,变性纤维浑浊肿胀.本研究结果为美洲鳗鲡感染嗜水气单胞菌后的病理诊断及其免疫防治提供了参考依据.

英文摘要：

To study the pathogenicity and pathological changes of farmed American eels （Anguilla rostrata） infected by Aeromonas hydrophila, heart, liver, kidney and spleen trom aymg eels were conectcu to prepare histopathological slice and staining. The ulcers was observed in the injection site of American eels, while pathological changes were mainly observed in kidney; the glomerular capillary was swellen and the renal capsule cysts were narrov~ ; the renal interstitial was bleeding with large amounts of inflammatory cell infiltra- tion; the kidney tubular showed degeneration or disintegration and the epithelial cells were swell with particles or blisters degeneration, and most of the epithelial cells, protein casts and cell debris were shed into the lu- men. Diffuse bleeding and vacuolar degeneration of parenchyma were observed in the liver; some of parenchy- ma cells were dissolved and disappeared; the hepatic central vein were dilated and filled with erythrocytes; hepatic sinusoid was congestion and hemosiderosis appeared in the liver. The number of lymphocytes reduced significantly and pith was almost disappeared in the spleen; the capsule of the connective tissue was thicken-ing and bleeding; the spleen was inflammatory edema and necrosis was observed in part of the parenchymal cells with many mesh holes; the stromal arterioles were thicken due to severe interstitial edema. Myocardial fibers showed varying degrees of granular degeneration, and degeneration fibers were cloudy swelling in the heart. The results lay the foundation for the diagnostic pathology and the immune control of the disease caused by A. hydrophila in A. rostrata.