高密度钨合金具有良好的综合力学性能,是军民两用合金材料。由于钨熔点很高,一般只能通过液相烧结才能制备接近全致密的合金。为满足科技发展对高性能钨合金的需求,采用新方法、新工艺,设法降低液相烧结温度和缩短保温时间,制备具有高强度、高韧性的细晶、超细晶或纳米晶钨合金材料是发展趋势。采用新的烧结技术,如:固相烧结、两步烧结、微波烧结、放电等离子烧结等制备高密度钨合金成为近年该领域的研究热点,对这些新工艺的最新研究进展情况进行了介绍。
Tungsten heavy alloys (WHAs) with good comprehensive mechanical properties were widely used in the defense, avia- tion, and civil industries. Owing to the high melting point of W element, near the fully compacted WHAs were generally fabricated by liquid phase sintering process. In recent years, to satisfy the demand of scientific and technological development on the WHAs with good mechanical properties, one of the development trends of WHAs was to fabricate fine/ultrafine/nano-grained alloys with high strength and toughness. Therefore, it was necessary that the new method and process were adopted to reduce the liquid phase sintering temperature and shorten the holding time. Many new sintering technologies were used to fabricate WHAs, such as solid state sintering, two-step sintering, microwave sintering, and spark plasma sintering. In this paper, the progress of these new sintering technologies was introduced.