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我国横断山区1960-2008年气温和降水时空变化特征

ISSN号：0375-5444
期刊名称：《地理学报》
时间：0
分类：P457.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]
作者机构：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室／玉龙雪山冰川与环境观测研究站,兰州730000, [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049, [3]兰州大学资源与环境学院,兰州730000
相关基金：国家自然科学基金项目（40971019）; 国家重点基础研究发展（973）计划（2007CB411501）; 中国科学院研究生科技创新与社会实践资助专项; 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室自主项目; 国家自然科学基础人才培养基金冰川学冻土学特殊学科点（J0630966）; 中国科学院重要方向性项目（KZCXZ-YW-317）; 中国科学院＂西部之光＂人才培养计划＂西部博士资助项目＂（O828A11001）; 国家自然科学基金项目（90511007;40801028）; 丽江市政府委托项目资助~~

作者：李宗省[1,2], 何元庆[1,3], 辛惠娟[1,2], 王春风[3], 贾文雄[1,2], 张蔚[1,2], 刘婧[1]

关键词：横断山, 气温, 降水, 区域差异, Mts. Hengduan, temperature, precipitation, spatial differences

中文摘要：

运用样条函数法、线性回归、最小二乘法和趋势分析等方法,对横断山区27个气象站1960-2008年日平均气温和降水资料分析表明,近50年来横断山区气温呈现统计意义上的变暖趋势,其中60和80年代气温相对较低,其他年代则较高,2000-2008时段年均温比多年均值高0.46oC。横断山区年均气温、春季气温、夏季气温、秋季气温和冬季气温的倾向率分别为0.15oC10a-1、0.589oC10a-1、0.153oC10a-1、0.167oC10a-1和0.347oC10a-1,升温幅度表现出随纬度增高而加大的趋势,整个横断山区以沙鲁里山和大雪山南缘区域及梅里雪山地区为中心,春季升温幅度最大,冬季次之。横断山区年降水在60和70年代偏低,80年代以后相对偏高,特别是90年代比多年均值高29.84mm,进入2000年后相较90年代明显下降。横断山区年降水、春季降水、夏季降水、秋季降水和冬季降水倾向率分别为9.09mm10a-1、8.62mm10a-1、-1.5mm10a-1、1.53mm10a-1和1.47mm10a-1,只有春季倾向率通过了显著水平检验;除夏季降水外,其他季节降水均表现出由西南向东北和由南向北递减的趋势,这是纵向岭谷对流经该区的东亚季风和南亚季风同时起着东西向阻隔作用和南北向通道作用的体现。横断山区季风期气温和降水的倾向率分别为0.117oC10a-1和6.01mm10a-1,最为明显的是2000年后季风期降水明显降低;横断山区非季风期气温和降水的倾向率分别为0.25oC10a-1和7.47mm10a-1,均高于季风期。

英文摘要：

Based on daily temperature and precipitation data of 27 stations in the Mts. Hengduan region, methods of spline interpolation, regression analysis, least square, moving average were employed to analyze the climatic changing trend and spatial differences under the background of global warming. Results indicated that temperature patterns are consistent with warming at statistical significance level during 1960-2008, and relatively low in the 1960s and 1980s, whereas it started to rise after the 1980s which can be proved by a 0.46 oC temperature increase in 2000-2008. The average temperature of all the year, spring, summer, autumn and winter exhibited an obvious increasing trend roughly centered in the area of Mt. Meili and the southernmost between Mt. Shaluli and Mt. Daxue with the velocity of 0.15 oC 10a-1, 0.589 oC 10a-1, 0.153 oC 10a-1, 0.167 oC 10a-1 and 0.347 oC 10a-1, respectively. And what＇s more, temperature increase is more obvious from lower to higher altitude. Precipitation is relatively more after the 1980s, which can be confirmed by a 29.84 mm increase in the 1990s, but it started to decrease after 2000. The average precipitation of all the year, spring, summer, autumn and winter changed by 9.09 mm 10a-1, 8.62 mm 10a-1,-1.5 mm 10a-1, 1.53 mm 10a-1 and 1.47 mm 10a-1, respectively, roughly centered in the area of Mt. Meili and the southernmost between Mt. Shaluli and Mt. Daxue, and only the spring is significant at the 0.05 level. Under the influence of the longitudinal range-gorge, the regional trend in precipitation was on the decrease from southwest to northeast and from south to north in the Mts. Hengduan region. In summer monsoon, the regional trends of temperature and precipitation are 0.117 oC 10a-1 and 6.01 mm 10a-1, respectively, but the precipitation also started to decrease after 2000. There is also a 0.25 oC 10a-1 and 7.47 mm 10a-1 increase of temperature and precipitation in winter monsoon.

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