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中文摘要：
利用OM和SEM分析了激光熔化沉积快速成形300M钢薄板的显微组织，测试了硬度随沉积高度的变化规律．结果表明：薄板状试样具有细小、均匀的胞状树枝晶组织，其显微组织随沉积高度增加变化显著，底部为贝氏体及马氏体回火组织，中、下部为无碳化物贝氏体＋岛状马氏体／奥氏体（M-A）组织，中、上部为马氏体和贝氏体的混合组织；试样宏观硬度沿沉积增高方向呈台阶状变化，3个硬度平台区分别对应于上述3种不同的显微组织．试样显微组织及硬度随沉积高度的变化是由于激光熔化沉积过程中不同沉积高度处的材料经历的快速非稳态热循环历史不同，从而发生不同的固态相变过程所致．
英文摘要：
The microstructure of thin plate-like ultrahigh strength steel 300M fabricated by the laser melting deposition was analyzed by OM and SEM, and the Rockwell hardness （HRC） profile along the depositing direction was measured. Results showed that the as-deposited plate has a rapidly solidified cellular dendrite structure, and the microstructure of the plate varied notably along depositing direction. A mixed structure of tempered martensite and bainite appeared in the bottom part, a mixture of carbide-free bainite and island-like martensite-austenite duplex structure in the middle-lower part and a mixed martensite-bainite structure in the middle-upper part. The hardness profile varied stepwise with increasing deposition height. The above phenomena were attributed to the particular rapid/unstable thermal cyclic behavior during the laser melting deposition process.
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