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中文摘要：
以玉米杂交组合PH4CV×昌7-2（组合I）和PH6WC×7873（组合Ⅱ）的6个群体P1、P2、F1、B1、B2、F2为材料,研究了春播和夏播条件下玉米茎粗的主基因＋多基因遗传规律。结果显示,组合Ⅰ的茎粗在2种环境下均受D-2模型控制。组合Ⅱ的茎粗在春播环境下符合E-1模型,在夏播环境下符合D-2模型。在春播环境下,组合Ⅰ和组合Ⅱ的茎粗均以主基因遗传为主,可以采用单交重组或简单回交转育的方法来提高育种的效率。在夏播环境下,组合Ⅰ和组合Ⅱ的茎粗均表现为多基因遗传,可以采用聚合回交或轮回选择来累积微效基因,从而提高育种效率。
英文摘要：
The six populations （PI, P2, F1, B1, B2 and F2 ） of maize cross I （PH4CVxChang 7-2） and crosss 11 （PH6WCx7873） were used to study the genetic rules for the stem diameter of maize in spring and summer. The results showed that stem diameter of cross I was controlled by model D-2 in spring and summer. The optimal model for stem diame- ter of cross Ⅱ was model E-1 in spring, and model D-2 in summer. In spring, the stem diameters of cross I and cross Ⅱ were mainly controlled by major genes, and single cross recombination or simple backcross could be adopted to improve the efficiency of maize breeding. In summer, the stem diameters of cross I and cross Ⅱ were mainly governed by polygenes, and polymerization backcross or recurrent selection could be adopted to accumulate positive alleles and improve the efficien- cy of maize breeding.
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