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杜仲花粉离体萌发特征及花粉管微丝骨架分布

ISSN号：1000-4025
期刊名称：西北植物学报
时间：2014.3.15
页码：495-501
分类：Q813.1[生物学—生物工程] Q245[生物学—细胞生物学]
作者机构：[1]北京林业大学林木育种国家工程实验室/林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室,北京100083, [2]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083, [3]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083
相关基金：国家自然科学基金（31000306,J1103516）
相关项目：北京林业大学生物学基地

关键词：杜仲, 离体, 液体培养基, 花粉萌发, 微丝骨架, Eucommia ulmoides , in vitro , liquid medium, pollen germination, microfilament cytoskeleton

中文摘要：

以干燥的杜仲成熟花粉为材料，对杜仲花粉离体萌发的适宜液体培养基配方进行了筛选，并对花粉萌发特征及花粉管微丝骨架分布规律进行了研究。结果表明：（1）适宜杜仲花粉离体萌发的液体培养基组成为200g／L蔗糖＋30mg／L硼酸＋10mg／LCa（NO3）2，于26℃条件下离体培养18h的花粉萌发率可达46．29％±3．75％。（2）在适宜液体培养条件下，杜仲花粉萌发率在培养6h内急剧增长，随后趋于平稳；而花粉管在培养8h内伸长较快，之后有放缓趋势，至培养48h时，花粉管长度可达363．14±30．51μm。（3）杜仲花粉属于2胞花粉，花粉萌发过程中，营养核和生殖核的移动存在一定的时序性，通常营养核先于生殖核进入到花粉管；杜仲花粉生殖核的有丝分裂发生在花粉管中，离体培养12h可逐渐观察到有丝分裂行为。（4）花粉萌发过程，微丝骨架形成束状，与花粉管伸长方向平行排布，与较为稀疏的网状微丝阵列组成连续系统，引导细胞核的运动。

英文摘要：

In this study,the optimal component of liquid medium for in vitro germination of dried mature pollen of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. was screened and the characteristics of pollen germination and microfil- ament distribution of pollen tube were investigated. The results were as follows：（1）The optimal liquid me- dium for pollen germination contained 200 g/L sucrose,30 mg/L boron acid and 10 mg/L calcium nitrate. The germination rate reached 46.29%±3.75% after incubating at 26 ℃ for 18 hours. （2）Under the opti- mal culture condition,germination rate increased sharply within 6 hours,and then stably. The tubes grew very fast within 8 hours, and then decreased the speed of elongation. After 48 h culturing, the length of tubes could reach 363.14±30.51 μm. （3）The pollen grains of E. ulmoides were two-celled. During the ger- mination, the vegetative nucleus usually enters into the tube ahead of the generative nucleus. The mitosis of generative nucleus took place in the pollen tube,and the mitotic behavior can be observed gradually after 12 hours incubation in the liquid medium. （4）Microfilament bundles which formed during pollen germination paralleled to the direction of tube elongation. The bundled microfilaments formed a continuous system to- gether with arrays of microfilament networks to move the nuclei in the tube.

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