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中文摘要：
为了阐明杜仲叶的降血糖功效及其机制,采用酶-抑制剂模型,筛选高抑制率的杜仲叶乙醇提取物并判断其对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制类型;借助Caco-2人结肠腺癌细胞模型,研究杜仲叶20%乙醇解吸物对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性及葡萄糖转运蛋白的影响;气相色谱-质谱联用分析杜仲叶20%乙醇解吸物主要成分。杜仲叶20%乙醇解吸物可竞争性地抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶,其抑制常数Ki值为32.90 mg/mL。它对Caco-2细胞中的α-葡萄糖苷酶有较强抑制作用,其IC50为0.57 mg/mL,且对Caco-2细胞摄取葡萄糖也有一定抑制作用,1 mg/mL时抑制率可达26.25%。气相色谱-质谱分析表明杜仲叶20%乙醇解吸物主要有DL-异柠檬酸内酯、百里酚、儿茶素、2,6-二羟基-苯甲酸和3,4-二羟基-苯丙烯酸等。这些结果表明,杜仲叶乙醇提取物可以通过抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性,降低葡萄糖吸收来实现降血糖的效果。
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