中文摘要：

本研究旨在研究雌激素和孕酮对卵巢摘除大鼠子宫内肥大细胞数量的影响，探讨雌激素和孕酮与子宫内肥大细胞之间的相关关系。35只雌性成年大鼠随机分成7组：假手术组（SHAM）、卵巢摘除组（OVX）、卵巢摘除＋雌二醇E2（OVX＋E 20 μg、OVX＋E 100 μg、OVX＋E 500 μg）、卵巢摘除＋孕酮P4（OVX＋P 2 mg、OVX＋P 10 mg）。动物处理7 d后，应用放射免疫分析法检测各组大鼠血清雌二醇和孕酮的含量，用甲苯胺蓝染色显示大鼠子宫内肥大细胞。结果显示：①OVX组大鼠血清雌二醇浓度最低，雌二醇处理后， OVX＋E 20 μg组雌二醇浓度比OVX组升高97.13%、OVX＋E 100 μg组比OVX组升高204.84%、OVX＋E 500 μg组比OVX组升高936.45%；孕酮处理后，孕酮浓度OVX＋P 2 mg组比OVX组升高77.25%、OVX＋P 10 mg组比OVX组升高235.25%，各组差异均显著（P〈0.05）。②雌二醇处理后大鼠子宫内肥大细胞数量减少, 与OVX组比较，OVX＋E20 μg组减少32.65%、OVX＋E 100 μg组减少64.50%、OVX＋E 500 μg组减少74.49%；孕酮处理后，OVX＋P 2 mg组比OVX组增加66.73%、OVX＋P 10 mg组比OVX组减少70.67%。除OVX＋E 20 μg组外，各组与OVX组比较差异均显著（P〈0.05）。随着血清中雌、孕激素含量的升高，大鼠子宫内肥大细胞的数量呈递减趋势，提示雌激素和孕酮对大鼠子宫内肥大细胞的数量有直接的影响。

英文摘要：

To discuss the relationship among mast cells, estrogen and progesterone in uterus, the effect of estrogen or progesterone on the number of mast cells in the uterus of ovariectomized rats were studied. 35 female rats were devided into 7 groups （SHAM, ovariectomized （OVX）, OVX ＋E20 μg, OVX＋E 100 μg, OVX＋E500 μg, OVX＋P 2 mg, OVX＋P 10 mg）. The concentration of estradiol and progesterone in serum were detected by RIA, and the uterine mast cells were stained by toluidine blue. The results were as follows： （1）Compared to ovariectomized rat, the concentration of estradiol in serum increased by 97.13% in OVX＋ E 20 μg （P〈0.05）, 204.84% in OVX＋E 100 μg （P〈0.05） and 936.45% in OVX＋E 500 μg group （P〈0.05）; The progesterone concentration increased by 77.25% in OVX＋P 2 mg （P〈0.05） and 235.25% in OVX＋P 10 mg group （P〈0.05）. （2）Compared to ovariectomized rat, the number of mast cells in uteri decreased by 32.65% in OVX＋E 20 μg, 64.50% in OVX＋E 100 μg （P〈0.05）, 74.49% in OVX＋E 500 μg （P〈0. 05） and 70.67% in OVX＋P 10 mg groups （P〈0.05）. However, the number of mast cells increased by 66.73% in OVX＋P 2 mg group （P〈0.05） compared with OVX. The trend of mast cells number in the rat uterus was decreased gradually with the increasing of estrogen or progesterone concentration. The number of mast cells in ovariectomized rat uterus was affected by estrogen or progesterone. These results demonstrated that estrogen or progesterone directly affected the number of mast cells in the uterus of rat.