中文摘要：

选择泌乳期和静止期大鼠，经乳腺局部（乳导管）或外周（跖部皮下）注射辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）后，应用改良甲苯胺蓝染色法（MTB）对乳腺及其引流（鼠蹊部）和非引流（腘）淋巴结内的肥大细胞数量变化进行了研究，用荧光测定改良法检测了乳腺组织中组胺含量。结果显示，对照组乳腺及引流和非引流淋巴结内的肥大细胞数量均为静止期显著多于泌乳期（P〈0．01），乳腺中组胺含量也呈相同的变化趋势。在泌乳期从不同部位引人HRP后，乳腺及乳腺引流淋巴结内肥大细胞数量明显增多，与对照组相比差异极显著（P〈0．01）；而乳腺非引流淋巴结内肥大细胞数量则略有减少，与对照组相比差异不显著（P〉0．05）。在静止期从不同部位引人HRP后，乳腺及乳腺非引流淋巴结内肥大细胞数均减少，而乳腺引流淋巴结内的肥大细胞数则随引人部位不同而有差别：乳腺引人时增加，而外周引入时减少。本研究结果表明肥大细胞数量随生理周期的改变而增减的趋势与乳腺的发育、乳腺局部免疫状态及内分泌调节都有关系，而且不同泌乳阶段乳腺内肥大细胞对异物的易感性也存在差异。

英文摘要：

Rats in lactating and nonlactating stages were chosen, and the number of mast cells in mammary gland, draning and undraning lymph nodes from control rats and those stimulated by horseradish peroxidase （HRP） was studied by modified toluidine blue （MTB） staining. At the same time, the histamine concentration of mammary gland in different stages was detected by modified fluorospectrophotometry. The results showed that the number of mast cells from control lactation mammary gland and lymph node tested in the experiment was remarkably less than that during non-lactating period （P〈 0. 01）. The variation of histamine concentration had the same tendency. The mast cells of mammary gland and draining lymph node increased after injecting HRP during lactating period （P〈0. 01）, but those of undraining lymph node decreased slightly（P〉0.05）. During non-lactating period,the mast cells of mammary gland and undraining lymph node decreased significantly regardless of injecting HRP via mammary gland or sole of foot; but the mast cells of draining lymph node decreased by injecting HRP in the sole of foot and increased by injecting HRP in mammary. The dynamic changes of the number of mast cells in mammary glands during lactating and non-lactating periods resulted from the development of mammary gland, local immune state of mammary gland and endocrine regulation. Furthermore,the mast cells have different susceptibility to foreign matter during different phases.