中文摘要：

分析不同学科关于数据、信息、知识、情报的概念，对数据与信息的关系进行综述。通过分析发现，数据向信息是可以转化的，数据向信息的转化过程统称为数据加工，具体的实现路径包括情境化加工、有效化加工、归一化加工、细分化加工以及精炼化加工等多种方式。

英文摘要：

This paper analyzes the concepts of data, information, knowledge and intelligence in different disciplines, and then summarizes the relationships between data and information. It＇s found out through analysis that data can be transformed into informa- tion. The transformation process from data into information is generally called as data processing. The specific implementation path includes contextualization processing, effectuation processing, normalization processing, segmentation processing and refining pro- cessing.