中文摘要：

【目的】明确不同葡萄品种对霜霉病的抗性，解析葡萄抵御霜霉病菌的相关生理反应及相关信号通路。【方法】采用田间调查、室内测定分析40个葡萄品种对葡萄霜霉病的抗性，研究在葡萄霜霉病菌诱导下，叶片的水杨酸（SA）、过氧化氢（H2O2）含量的变化，PRl、NPRl、RbohD的表达。【结果】多数品种室内外对霜霉病抗性一致，高抗品种的SA、H2 O2较感病品种更快更多量的积累，NPRl、PRl及RbohD基因在高抗品种中更快更强烈的诱导表达。【结论ISA信号通路、活性氧通路参与了葡萄对霜霉病的抗性。

英文摘要：

[Objective] Downy mildew of grape is an important disease in the grape. Shandong coastal ar- ea is the main production area in China, but the resistance of different grape varieties to downy mildew is seldom reported in detail. The study is to evaluate the resistance of grape varieties to downy mildew, and to identify the biochemistry and signal pathways related to resistance. [Methods] The occurrence of downy mildew in 40 varieties was investigated in the peak period of downy mildew. Forty new shoots were selected from each variety, and the disease index was calculated by the 6 level, and the resistance to downy mildew was analyzed by using the disease index which were divided into 5 levels： immunization with disease index 0; high resistance with index 0.1-5.0; resistance with index 5.1-25.0; susceptible with index 25.0-50.0; high susceptible with index 50.0-100.0. The fresh grape leaves were washed with water for 24 h under the condition of 22 ~C. The fresh spore capsule was brushed in sterile distilled water, and the suspension was combined with a spore suspension. The concentration of suspension of the spore capsule was adjusted tO 5x 105. mL-1 under microscope. The leaf disc was used for indoor inoculation ex- periment. The suspension of the spore capsule was sprayed on the health 4-6 leaves of ＇ Fragrant＇ ＇ Crim- son Seedless＇ ＇Ruby Seedless＇ with a small hand-held sprayer. Selected leaves preservation in liquid ni- trogen, then transferred to preserve at - 70 ~C. The extract and determination of SA referenced Liu Yu- liang＇ s method and the determination of H202 content referenced the method of Hao Zaibin et al. Total RNA was isolated with the improved SDS method. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT- PCR） first strand eDNA was synthesized according to TaKaRa company＇ s reverse transcription kit. The UBQ gene was used as a control to verify uniform loading and amplification. The information of genes andprimers employed in the study were provided in table 1. Each gene wa