考虑到能源与资本、劳动力等投入要素间普遍存在的替代效应,本文通过全要素能源效率指标考察我国能源利用水平的时空变化特征,并利用计量模型分析全要素生产率各分解部分对能源效率的影响作用。研究表明:我国总体及区域内的全要素能源效率自2001年起出现了退化现象,区域间能源效率的差异性较为显著,且有扩大趋势;全要素能源效率与全要素生产率之间关系密切,技术进步、纯技术效率和规模效率对能源效率的改善均具有促进作用,"软"技术的贡献甚至已超越了传统科技进步的功效。
Considering the substitution effect among energy,capital and labor,this paper researches the change of energy efficiency in China through the indicator of total factor energy efficiency (TFEE). Then the contribution degree of factors is analyzed using panel date model. The main conclusions are as follows:TFEE keeps downward since 2001 and the efficiency of east,center and west is not in a balance. TFEE is closely related to total factor productivity (TFP) and "soft" technology is more efficient than "hard" technology.