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中文摘要：
坡度是数字地形分析中重要的地形因子，在水文分析、土壤侵蚀模拟、地貌类型划分等地学分析及工程上均有广泛的应用。由于地形的各向异性，坡度在各个方向上并不相同。目前，基于DEM所提取的坡度，均是位于最陡方向上的坡度，而任意给定方向坡度计算是地学分析和工程应用中较为常见的问题。在对目前DEM坡度提取算法研究的基础上，通过数学分析，给出了格网DEM上任意方向格网点的坡度计算模型和计算流程，并给出了相应的计算实例，从而将坡度计算模型从特定方向推向任意方向，使DEM坡度计算更具普适性。
英文摘要：
Slope and aspect are two key attributes in terrain analysis based on digital elevation mode （DEM）, and are widely used in application such as hydrological modeling, soil erosion studies and ecological environment simulation, etc. For any given point, slope is unalike at any direction because the terrain surface is anisotropy. So, slope generally is on the steepest direction in terrain analysis, but the slope on the arbitrary direction is usually met in engineering such as highway design, water conservancy facility, and power transmission line engineering field. In this paper, a slope model at any direction is provided, and the results were tested in actual DEM.
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