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黄土高原坡向信息量变化与DEM分辨率的关系

ISSN号：1002-0470
期刊名称：《高技术通讯》
时间：0
分类：P231.5[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感;天文地球—测绘科学与技术] S157[农业科学—土壤学;农业科学—农业基础科学]
作者机构：[1]福州大学福建省空间信息工程研究中心数据挖掘与信息共享教育部重点实验室,福州350002, [2]南京师范大学地理信息科学江苏省重点实验室,南京210097
相关基金：863计划（2006AA12Z212）,国家自然科学基金（40671148;40571120）,福建省自然科学基金（D0610007）和中国科学院资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室开放研究基金课题（A0711）资助项目.

关键词：数字高程模型, 坡向, 误差, 分辨率, 不确定性, 熵, DEM, aspect, error, resolution, uncertain, entropy

中文摘要：

运用非线性回归方法，研究了从数字高程模型（DEM）所提取坡向信息量随DEM分辨率变化而变化的函数规律。在中国西北部黄土高原选取了代表7种黄土地貌类型的252个样区。在每个样区以1：10000地形图为数据源建立了分辨率分别为5，15，25，…，75m的DEM。以5m分辨率DEM提取的坡向信息为假定真实值，以其它分辨率DEM提取的坡向信息为研究对象，分析了坡向信息量的损失与分辨率的函数关系。提出了基于单个栅格的坡向分类别正确率（a）指标和坡向信息量损失（q）指标。在每一类地貌类型区得到了上述两项误差指标与分辨率的函数关系，可以根据函数关系由已知误差求得所需要的分辨率。函数关系的建立可在保证预定坡向信息的精度前提下，选定DEM的适宜分辨率，减小数据量，降低成本。

英文摘要：

The variations of the amount of aspect information derived from a digital elevation model （DEM） with the DEM＇ resolution were studied using the non-linear regression method. In the northwest China＇ s Loess Plateau, seven major sample areas representing different landforms were selected, each of which was divided into 16 subareas. The DEMs with the resolutions of 5m, 15m, 25m, 35m, 45m, 55m, 65m, 75m, respectively, were established according to the map scaled at 1 ： 10000 on each sample area. The aspect information derived from the DEM with the resolution of 5m was assumed as the true value, and the information derived from other DEMs was taken as the investigated subject. The functional relations between aspect information losses and resolutions were analyzed. The indexes of the aspect accuracy （ a ） of different categories and the information loss （ q ） based on the single grid were proposed. In each area, the function of the indexes and different resolutions was obtained so that the needed resolution can be calculated if the index is known. The function is helpful in selecting proper resolutions, minimizing the amount of data and cutting down the cost while ensuring the accuracy of aspect information.

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