中文摘要：

目的了解本溪地区部分青少年儿童中特应性皮炎（AD）的患病率及其影响因素。方法整群抽样，用包含5个问题的调查问卷结合皮肤科主治医师专科检查的方式，对5000名来自本溪实验小学及本溪第二高中的学生进行皮炎湿疹相关因素的流行病学调查。结果共回收有效调查问卷4346份。男1871人，女2475人。年龄7～20岁，平均（17±4）岁。各组中人数最多的为17～18岁组，人数最少的为7～8岁组。男、女学生在各年龄组中的分布差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。调查者中诊断AD为52人，患病率为1．20％。总标化患病率为1．09％；各年龄组粗患病率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。男性粗患病率为1．34％，女性为1．09％。男性标化患病率为1．17％，女性为1．02％，总标化患病率为1．11％，男女性患病率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。AD相关的因素包括：过敏性鼻炎、过敏性哮喘、经常皮肤瘙痒、经常出汗时痒、全身皮肤干燥、身体屈侧皮炎、一级亲属有异位症。家里有宠物、家里潮湿是AD的危险因素，而顺产是AD的保护性因素。结论本研究表明应加强对家居环境的改善如经常通风、防潮、清洁、不养宠物等，对减少AD发病有积极的作用。顺产对优生优育有积极的影响，可减少AD发病的可能。

英文摘要：

Objective To study the prevalence of AD in some of youngsters in Benxi city. Methods Cluster sampling method was used. Subjects enrolled were students from Experimental Primary School of Benxi and The Second High School of Benxi respectively. Epidemiologic survey was carried out using questionnaire which was composed of 5 questions. AD was diagnosed according to Williams criteria by senior dermatologists. Results 4 346 copies were qualified for analysis. There were 1 871 male and 2 475 female responders. Most subjects were in 17 - 18-year-old group and there were least subjects in 7 - 8-year-old group. Gender distribution was different among groups （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. There were 52 subjects who were diagnosed AD. The crude prevalence of AD was 1.20%. The total standardized prevalence was 1.09%. The difference of the crude prevalence among groups was not significant （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The crude prevalence of male was 1.34% and that of female was 1.09%. The male standardized prevalence was 1.17% , that of female was 1.02% and the total standardized prevalence was 1.09%. The difference of standardized prevalence between different gander was not significence （P 〉 0. 05 ）. AD-related factors include allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, frequent itchy skin, frequent sweating and itching, dry skin, flexor aspect dermatitis, history of first-degree relatives, were surveyed. Pets in home and home-humidity were risk factors for AD, and natural labor was a protective factor of AD. Conclusion This study shows that the home environment should be improved such as regular ventilation, avoidance of excessive humidity, Pets. Natural labor is a protective factor of AD.