中文摘要：

1970年代阿萨德重建政治权威,推进经济改革扩大政治基础,整合社会力量增强政治认同,使叙利亚摆脱了自1946年独立以来的政治权威衰朽与国家动荡,实现了政治稳定。1980年代在经历了经济困顿、政教冲突和权力斗争后,叙利亚重新实现稳定。1990年代,叙利亚面临经济自由化和政治民主化双重压力,阿拉维少数派专权,阿萨德健康状况恶化及其长子意外身亡,政治继承问题凸显,国家治理能力急剧衰减。

英文摘要：

In the 1970 s,Hafiz Assad reconstructed the political authority,exercised economic adjustment,broadened the political base,integrated social powers and strengthened the political identification. Such measures made Syria realize its political stability out of the decrepit political authority and instability which it had experienced since its independence in 1946. In the 1980 s,Syria returned to stability after economic difficulties,conflicts between political and religious powers and struggles among political powers. In the 1990 s,Syria was confronted with the dual pressures from economic liberalism and political democratization. Due to the minority al-＇Alawiyyun＇s dictatorship,the deterioration of Assad＇s health,the succession crisis caused by his eldest son＇s sudden death,the state governance and the social control of Assad ＇s political system were decreased sharply. Bashar Assad＇s succession to his father further weakened the legitimacy of Assad＇s political system and its social control power.