中文摘要：

目的：考查在图形和文字两种刺激材料条件下，非言语学习不良青少年空间关系和非空间关系推理特点及推理策略的使用。方法：从初中二年级中选取三组被试：非言语学习不良组（简称NLD，n=11）、言语学习不良组（简称VLD，n=11）和一般组（简称C，n=19），测量三组被试的推理特点及其推理策略。结果：在图形和文字刺激材料下，NLD组被试的空间关系推理成绩都显著低于一般青少年，而他们的非空间关系推理能力则与一般青少年没有显著差异；VLD青少年除了图形非空间关系推理外，其他三类推理成绩都显著低于一般青少年。结论：NLD青少年的空间关系推理能力低于非空间关系推理能力，两者存在分离现象；三组被试在推理策略使用的有效性方面存在差异。

英文摘要：

The study investigated spatial and nonspatial relation reasoning abilities in adolescents with nonverbal learning disabilities under figure and word conditions, and analyzed their reasoning strategies. The participants were selected from grade 2 in two junior high schools including three groups： a normal group （a control group, C）, a non-verbal learning disabilities group （NLD）, and a verbal learning disabilities group （VLD）. The results were that under figure and word conditions, the NLD group scored lower than the C group in spatial problems, and was not different from the C group in reasoning about non-spatial relation. Therefore, adolescents with VLD developed well in reasoning about figure-non-spatial relation, but showed deficiencies in other three tasks. Adolescents with NLD showed a dissociation between spatial and non-spatial relation reasoning. The three groups were all able to use multiple strategies during the reasoning process. But they showed difference in the validity of reasoning strategyies.