中文摘要：

肾是人体最为重要的脏腑之一,肾之所以重要与肾所化生和闭藏之物——＂肾精＂有密切关系,肾中精气作为构成人体最基本的物质基础,其盛衰直接影响人体生命的全过程。从某种程度上来说,肾精与干细胞在来源、分布、功能上具有相近之处,肾精的物质基础主要或部分体现为干细胞及其功能,肾精亏虚导致的老年性痴呆（AD）,势必影响到神经干细胞及其功能。文章以＂肾-痴呆-干细胞＂为主线,逐层揭示三者之间的关系,探寻中医基础理论与现代医学科学融合与渗透的契合点,以期为AD的防治提供新的理论依据。

英文摘要：

Kidney is one of the most important zang-fu viscera in the human body.That＇s because the functions of kidney are closely related to kidney essence which is storage in the kidney.Kidney essence as the basic substance constituted the human body directly impacts on all the process of human life.Kidney essence and stem cells are similar in source,distribution and functions.The material basis of kidney essence mainly or partly embodies in the form of stem cells and their functions.Deficiency of kidney essence which leads to Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）,which must affects neural stem cells and their functions.In order to provide a new theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of AD,this paper revealed the relationships between the three step by step,and explored the integrating points between basic theories of Chinese medicine and modern medical science with ＇AD-stem cells＇ as the principal line.