中文摘要：

目的 观察齐墩果酸对9月龄快速老化动物模型SMAP8小鼠行为学、突触结构完整性以及皮质及海马环磷腺苷效应元件结合蛋白（cAMP-response element binding protein,CREB）表达的影响.方法 30只9月龄健康雄性SMAP8小鼠随机分为模型组、齐墩果酸组、安理申组,每组10只,10只同龄同源健康雄性正常小鼠作为正常对照组.齐墩果酸组、安理申组给予相应的药物灌胃治疗,正常组、模型组给予等量生理盐水灌胃.4周后进行Morris水迷宫实验观察行为学变化,电镜观察各组小鼠海马神经元突触形态学变化,采用Western Blot法检测CREB蛋白的表达.结果 （1）Morris水迷宫结果显示：在隐蔽平台实验中,与正常组相比,模型组小鼠潜伏时间[（83.33±4.96）s,（75.13±6.01）s,（71.75±7.77）s,（63.40±8.93）s,（60.97±8.38）s]较长;与模型组相比,齐墩果酸组[（75.97±4.49）s,（64.98±4.93）s,（64.16±6.23）s,（53.47±5.99）s,（47.91±7.64）s]及安理申组[（71.30±7.65）s,（63.32±7.57）s,（59.82±4.69）s,（52.28±5.90）s,（46.22±7.27）s]小鼠潜伏时间明显缩短（P＜0.05）.空间探索实验中,与正常组相比,模型组穿越次数减少;与模型组相比,齐墩果酸组及安理申组小鼠穿越次数增多（P＜0.05）.（2）模型组与正常组相比突触数量少,突触间隙发生融合现象,突触前高度水肿,突触小泡不均一,线粒体数量极少,不能看出清晰的线粒体轮廓,而经齐墩果酸和安理申干预后突触轮廓清晰,突触前轻度水肿,小泡密集均一,不易见到清晰的线粒体膜和嵴结构.（3） Western Blot结果发现,与正常组比较,模型组不论海马还是皮质中的CREB蛋白表达量均下降,与模型组相比,齐墩果酸组与安理申组CREB蛋白表达量均上调（P＜ 0.05）.结论 齐墩果酸具有改善模型小鼠的学习记忆能力的作用,这一作用可能与保护模型小鼠突触形态、提高CREB蛋白表达量有关。

英文摘要：

Objective To observe the influence of oleanolic acid on the ethology of 9-month-old mice,the completeness of synapsis structure and the expression of cAMP-response element binding protein （CREB） in cortex and hippocampus.Methods Thirty 9-month-old healthy male SMAP8 mice were randomly divided into model group,oleanolic acid group and aricept group,and with 10 rats in each group,while 10 healthy male mice of the same age and species as normal group.Oleanolic acid group and aricept group were given intragastric administration with corresponding drugs,while the normal group and model group were given the same amount of physiological saline.4 weeks later,the ethology changes were observed by Morris water maze and morphology changes of hippocampus neurons were viewed by electron microscope and the expression of CREB was detected by Western Blot.Results （1）Morris water maze results suggested that compared with the normal group,the latency time in the model group mice was longer,which were （（83.33±4.96） s,（75.13±6.01） s,（71.75±7.77） s,（63.40± 8.93） s,（60.97±8.38） s）,while compared with the model group,the latency time in the oleanolic acid group and the aricept group was remarkably shorter （P〈 0.05）,which were （75.97± 4.49） s,（64.98± 4.93） s,（64.16± 6.23） s,（53.47±5.99） s,（47.91±7.64） s and （71.30±7.65） s,（63.32±7.57） s,（59.82±4.69） s,（52.28±5.90） s,（46.22±7.27） s respectively.In the spatial probe trial,compared with tbe normal group,the crossing times of the model was less,while compared with the model one,the crossing times of the oleanolic acid group and the aricept group was more（P〈0.05）.（2）Compared with the normal group,the number of synapses in the model group was smaller,in which the synaptic cleft was mixed with the front of synapses severely swollen,uninform synaptic vesicles and few clear outlines of mitochondrias.While the oleanolic acid group and the aricept group had clear synapses outlines with the front