中文摘要：

目的：探讨核桃壳提取物体外对艾滋病毒（HIV^-1）的抑制活性和作用机制。方法：采用MTT比色法检验核桃壳提取物对细胞的毒性;合胞体抑制、p24抑制和MT-4细胞保护作用检测提取物对HIV^-1的抑制作用。通过HIV^-1复制中间产物检测、融合阻断和分时给药实验判断提取物的作用机制。结果：核桃壳提取物0504对HIV^-1有较好的抑制作用,对HIV^-1ⅢB在C8166细胞中复制的选择指数TI值大于1 213.59。HIV^-1复制中间产物检测实验显示0504处理组ss DNA和late-RT的拷贝数明显低于PC组,提示作用于病毒复制的早期;融合阻断实验显示0504对慢性H9/HIV^-1ⅢB与C8166细胞融合有较好的抑制作用,EC50值为20.79μg/m L,表明0504作用于病毒进入阶段;分时给药实验显示提取物对已进入细胞的HIV^-1没有抑制作用,再次证明了0504作用于HIV^-1进入细胞。结论：核桃壳提取物0504对HIV^-1有较好的抑制作用,其作用机制为抑制HIV^-1进入细胞。

英文摘要：

Objective： To investigate the inhibiting effect of extracts from walnut shell in vitro on HIV^-1 activity. Methods： The cytotoxicity of walnut shell extracts were examined by MTT assay. Syncytium formation inhibition assay, p24 assay and MT-4 cell protection assay were used to evaluate the inhibiting effect of extracts from walnut shell in vitro on HIV^-1 activity. HIV DNA species detection assay, cell fusion assays and time of addition assay were used to determine the mechanism underlying the inhibiting effect of the extracts. Results： TI value of HIV^-1ⅢB in C8166 was above 1 213.59 that indicated that 0504 had good inhibition effect on HIV^-1. HIV DNA species detection assay showed that copy numbers of ss DNA and late-RT were significantly decreased by 0504 compared to the PC group, which implied that 0504 had an inhibiting effect in the early stage of HIV replication. The cell fusion assays showed that 0504 blocked a fusion of H9/HIV^-1ⅢB and C8166 cells with EC50 being value 20.79 μg/m L, which implied that 0504 had an inhibiting effect in the HIV^-1 entry stage. The time of addition assay showed that 0504 had no inhibiting effect of on HIV^-1 in the cells, which also implied that 0504 had an inhibiting effect in the HIV^-1 entry stage. Conclusion： The mechanism underlying extracts from walnut shell inhibiting HIV^-1 may be closely correlation with its block action in the HIV^-1 entry stage.