中文摘要：

胚胎干细胞可作为细胞替代治疗中很好的供体细胞来源。但由于伦理学的原因,限制了胚胎干细胞在细胞替代治疗中的应用前景,而诱导多潜能性干细胞（induced pluripotent stem cell,iPS细胞）的出现则提供了一种替代胚胎干细胞的多潜能性细胞。因为iPS细胞的建立不需要卵细胞,也不破坏发育中的胚胎,所以iPS细胞不涉及伦理学问题。而且iPS细胞的建立相对简单,重复性好。因此,iPS细胞在细胞替代治疗和再生医学中有着广泛的应用前景。本文将回顾iPS细胞技术发展的历史,介绍现有的建立iPS细胞的不同方法和评估iPS细胞质量的手段,展望iPS细胞在细胞替代治疗上有待解决的问题和应用前景。

英文摘要：

Embryonic stem cells are promising resources of donor cells for cell replacement therapy.However,due to ethical issues,the application potential of embryonic stem cells is restricted.Induced pluripotent stem cells（iPS） provide us an alternative type of pluripotent stem cell.Neither oocyte nor embryo destruction is involved in the derivation of iPS cells which circumvent ethical issues.In addition,the procedure of iPS cell production is relatively simple and robust.Hence,iPS cells have great application potential in cell replacement therapy and regenerative medicine.The history of iPS cell technology,different methods to derive iPS cells and the evaluation system to control the quality of iPS cells were commented.The challenges and the application potential of iPS cells in cell replacement therapy were evaluated.