中文摘要：

我国当前处于新型城镇化建设时期，随着城市发展日新月异，城市职能结构也在不断演化。以山东省为典型区域，采用规模一区位商集成法计算城市职能，并将山东省城市划分为三组，以城际职能结构差异度分析其空间分异。结果发现：城市职能结构及制造业、对外经贸等职能表现出明显的空间分异特征；三组城市的职能结构相似度以东部沿海城市最高，鲁南次之，济南都市圈差异最明显。据此提出优化思路：①以交通和产业发展带动区域发展及分工合作的深化；②东部沿海城市应共同打造高端现代产业体系，立足于高新工业、对外经贸、旅游业三大职能优势，完善路网结构以深化各市分工合作，提升本地区城市职能体系；③济南都市圈城市应强化核心城市的区域作用，以职能结构差异驱动互补性优势的发挥；④鲁南城市应注重把握机遇，优化配置人力资源，立足于新发展思路发挥后发优势，据各市特点引导跨区合作、承接产业转移，补足经济发展软肋。

英文摘要：

China is in the period of new urbanization construction and urban functional structure is constantly changing. Taking Shandong Province as a typical region, the urban functions were calculated by Scale-Location Quotient method, and the functional structure difference of every two cities was analyzed by the difference degree of functional structure. Analysis shows that the urban functional structure and some urban functions have clearly characteristics of spatial differentiation; Eastern coastal cities show highly urban functional structure similarity while Jinan Metropolitan cities not. Based which put forward the optimization idea：deepening traffic and industrial development to promote regional development; the eastern coastal cities should work together to build a modern industrial system, focus on collaborative tourism and foreign trade functions; the metropolitan area of Ji＇nan cities should strengthen the regional center city,Ji＇nan, adjustment and optimization the regional functional structure complementary advantages is the main goal; the south Shandong cities should pay attention to grasp the opportunity, accord to new development ideas to make up the weakness of economic development.