Low-carbon development as the th eme of modern times is the premise to upgrade industrial structure. The authors adopt the PCA(Principle Component Analysis) to carry on a quantitative analysis about the factors that affect the changing industrial structure in Shandong Province and then incorporate them into three principal components,namely,development-consumption,speed-structure and urbanization-technology. In other words,economic development is a direct factor while consumption demand and industrial upgrading are major driving forces. Moreover,urbanization accelerates the changes of industrial structure.