中文摘要：

对克氏原螯虾Procambarus clarkii幼虾和成虾的胃及肠道内的食物组成和食物充塞度的昼夜变化规律进行了观察;在水族箱（60 cm×40 cm×40 cm）中先后进行了两试验期克氏原螯虾（规格为3～5 g/尾）对几种常见水生植物（水花生Alternanthera philoxeroides、水葫芦Eichhornia crassipes、小浮萍Lemna minor、伊乐藻Elodea nuttallii、苦草Vallisneria natans）的摄食与生长试验,每个水族箱中投放克氏原螯虾20尾;另外,在稻田的环沟内对不同投饲模式（分别投喂粗蛋白质量分数为30%的克氏原螯虾专用颗粒饲料及水草和小杂鱼）下克氏原螯虾的生长效果进行了比较。结果表明：幼虾肠道内的食物组成主要以浮游植物和浮游动物为主,成虾对食物的选择性降低,水域中所能得到的水生动植物、有机碎屑和人工饲料均可成为其维持生存的食物,而分布广、生物量大且最易摄取的水草是其主要食物;在池塘养殖条件下,克氏原螯虾的摄食节律有着明显的昼夜变化规律,在8：00—10：00和19：00—22：00分别有一个相对集中的主要摄食时段,其它时段摄食强度较弱;投喂伊乐藻、小浮萍和苦草饲养克氏原螯虾的效果优于水花生和水葫芦,生长差异极显著（P〈0.01）,其中小浮萍的饲养效果略好于伊乐藻和苦草,但3种水草间的饲养效果差异不显著（P〉0.05）;对不同规格的虾苗投喂小浮萍、伊乐藻、苦草、水花生和水葫芦的平均日增重率间均存在明显的差异（P〈0.05）;在稻田环沟内不同投饲模式下,投喂小杂鱼的克氏原螯虾生长情况优于投喂颗粒饲料组和颗粒饲料＋水草组。

英文摘要：

Juvenile and adult red swamp crayfish（Procambarus clarkii） were reared in tanks（60 cm × 40 cm × 40 cm） at a rate of 20 individuals per tank and fed 5 aquatic plant species（Alternanthera philoxeroides,Eichhornia crassipes,Lesser duckweed Lemna minor,Elodea nuttallii,and pondweed Vallisneria natans） to evaluate food items and changes in food filling in stomach and intestines during day and night.In addition,the growth was compared in th crayfish reared in a paddyfield and fed three diets（crayfish feedstuff with 30% protein,aquatic grasses and trash fish）.The food in the intestine of the juvenile crayfish was found to be primarily comprised of zooplankton and phytoplankton.The adult crayfish was shown to have lower food preference,almost all of edible aquatic animals and plants,organic detritus,and artificial feed available in waters being consumed,and aquatic plants constituting their main food due to wide distribution,and easy ingesting.The feeding rhythm was observed during day and night in the crayfish culture pond,the two peaks at 8：00-10：00 and 19：00-22：00.There was significantly better growth in the adult crayfish fed Elodea nuttallii,Lesser duckweed and Vallisneria natans than that in the crayfish fed Alternanthera philoxeroides and Eichharnia crassipes（P0.01）.However,there was no significant difference in growth in the crayfish fed Elodea nuttallii,Lesser duckweed and Vallisneria natans（P0.05）,even though the crayfish fed Lesser duckweed had slightly better growth than the crayfish fed Elodea nuttallii,and Vallisneria natans did.There was significant difference in daily weight gain rate in the juvenile crayfish fed lesser duckweed,Elodea nuttallii,Vallisneria natans,Alternanthera philoxeroides,Eichhornia crassipes（P0.05）.In the rice field,however,the crayfish fed trash fish was shown to have much better growth than that the crayfish fed pelleted food,and pelleted feedstuff combined with aquatic plants.