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中文摘要：
本文研究急性温度胁迫对虹鳟血液生理和生化指标的影响,将虹鳟放入高温24℃和低温6℃水中热应激2h,然后放入16℃水中饲养,检测血液三类细胞数量及血清生化组分。结果表明：温度胁迫后,血液红细胞（WBC）和血红蛋白都呈现先降低后升高的趋势,低温组在12h降至最低,高温组在6h降至最低;白细胞在0h有不显著升高,其余时间与对照组没有显著差异;温度胁迫后,2个处理组血糖（GLU）在整个实验过程中都显著低于对照组;总蛋白（TP）和白蛋白（ALP）在温度胁迫后都呈现先降低后升高的趋势,低温组TP在6h达到最低值,ALP在12h达到最低值,高温组TP和ALP都在6h达到最低值;温度胁迫后,两处理组胆固醇（TC）都呈现先降低后升高再降低的趋势,在24h达到最大值;两处理组甘油三酯（TG）胁迫后都低于对照组,但没有明显变化趋势;温度胁迫后,无机物钙离子（Ca^2＋）只有高温组在24h显著降低,磷（P）只在胁迫后0h显著升高,其余时间两者没有明显变化。急性温度胁迫对虹鳟血细胞和血清生化组分产生了不同程度影响,为虹鳟运输、养殖条件优化等研究提供科学依据。
英文摘要：
The effect of acute temperature stress on blood parameters in rainbow trout（Oncorhynchus mykiss） was studied in this paper.The fish were cultured in the water with a temperature of 6℃（low temperature animals） and 24℃（high temperature animals） separately and maintained for 2 hours,then put back to 16℃ water.Three kinds of blood cells and seven kinds of Serum Biochemical Components were examined.Results showed that RBC and HGB both decreased at 12 h in low temperature animals and at 6h in high temperature animals after acute temperature stress,and then increased afterwards.WBC had a slightly increase at Oh and then restored to control level after stress.GLU decreased sharply at Oh after stress and then maintained low level.TP and ALP had significant decrease at 6h or 12 h after stress and increased afterwards.TC decreased sharply at Oh after stress and then increased,at 24 h,TC was higher than control level.TG was lower compared with control level,but there was no clear regularity.Ca～（2＋） had a significant decrease only at 24 h and P had a significant increase only at Oh,there was no difference at other time in both Ca～（2＋） and P.The acute temperature stress has some influences on Blood Cells and Serum Biochemical Components in Rainbow Trout in different degrees,this study provides a scientific evidence for the Rainbow Trout ＇s transportation and the optimazing of culture condition.
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