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中文摘要：
用传统方法从患病山女鳟体表病灶部位分离纯化一株致病性水霉菌株,将其命名为SN,并对其生物学特性进行研究。通过观察附着在油菜籽上水霉菌的形态,其菌丝有适量的分支,呈透明管状,无横隔;菌丝顶端产生棒状孢子囊,游动孢子成熟后,从孢子囊中迅速释放,新孢子囊以层出方式或侧生出芽方式发生。在一定的生长条件下,菌丝顶端或中间可见球形或不规则形状的厚垣孢子。通过与Gen Bank基因库中水霉属菌株ITS r DNA序列的同源性比较,确定SN菌株与鲑菌株（Gen Bank登录号EU551152）的亲缘关系最近。因此,结合形态特征及ITS序列鉴定结果,可推测菌株SN为鲑水霉（Saprolegnia salmonis）。研究不同生长条件对菌株的生物学特性的影响,菌株SN的适宜生长温度为10-30℃,最适生长温度为25℃;适宜p H为5-11,最适生长p H为8;适宜盐度为0.5%-2%,最适生长盐度为0.5%。通过分离鉴定山女鳟水霉病致病性病原,并对其生物学特性进行初步研究,为冷水鱼水霉病的防治提供理论依据。
英文摘要：
The isolation of the fungal strain from the Oncorhynchus masou masou lesion site through traditional methods is named SN, and its biological characteristics. Observation of the strain attached to rapeseed showed that its hyphae was diaphanous tubular, without diaphragm and moderately branched;clavate sporangia produced at the top of the hyphae, mature zoospores were discharged from the sporocyst rapidly.New sporangia generated from the base of old sporangia by the way of internal proliferation or by basipetalous succession.In a suitable growth environment intermediate spherical or irregularly shaped chlamydospores oppeared at the top of the hyphae.Homology comparison of the ITS rDNA sequences of Saprolegnia sp.in GenBank, showed its closest relationship with Saprolegia salmonis （ GenBank accession number： EU551152） Therefore, combined with morphological characterization with phylogenetic analysis based on ITS rDNA sequence, strain SN was identified as salmonis.This study investigated the effects of different growth conditions on the biological characteristics of strains.The strain SN could grow at 10-30 ℃ ,pH 5-11 and NaCl 0.5%-2%, and its optimum growing temperature, pH and NaCl were 25 ℃, 7,0.5%, respectively.The pathogen of Oncorhynchus masou masou saprolegniasis was isolated and identified in the present study, and its biological characteristics were preliminarily studied, which provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of cold-water fish fungus.
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