中文摘要：

目的探讨不同分娩方式对初产女性产后早期尿失禁发生的影响,并分析其相关危险因素。方法选取1340例初产妇为研究对象,其中阴道分娩876例,选择性剖宫产464例。采用国际尿失禁标准问卷（改良的布里斯托问卷,ICIQ-FLUTS）调查初产女性产后6~8周尿失禁的发生情况,比较阴道分娩与选择性剖宫产者尿失禁发生率的差异,并采用非条件logistic回归分析评价初产女性尿失禁的危险因素。结果所有研究对象发生尿失禁共计345例,发生率为25.8%;阴道分娩组的尿失禁发生率（28.7%）明显高于剖宫产组（20.3%）（x~2=11.180,P〈0.05）;分娩方式、常喝咖啡或茶、有尿失禁家族史、妊娠期尿失禁、慢性咳嗽、便秘、阴道前壁膨出与尿失禁发生有关（P〈0.05）;回归分析显示,慢性咳嗽、便秘、尿失禁家族史、孕期尿失禁是初产女性发生尿失禁的独立危险因素,剖宫产是尿失禁的保护因素。结论阴道分娩产妇产后早期尿失禁的发生率高于剖宫产,阴道分娩、慢性咳嗽、便秘、尿失禁家族史和孕期尿失禁是初产女性发生尿失禁的独立危险因素。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the effect of different delivery modes on the occurrence of early urinary incontinence in primiparas and analyze the related risk factors.Methods 1340 primiparas were selected as the research subjects including 876 cases of vaginal delivery and 464 cases of selective cesarean section.The questionnaire International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Module（ICIQ-FLUTS）was adopted to investigate the incidence of urinary incontinence in those primimaras after 6 to 8weeks of the delivery,which was analyzed to compare the differences between the primiparas of both vaginal delivery and selective caesarean section.Then non-conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related risk factors with urinary incontinence.Results A total of 345 cases had urinary incontinence among all the research subjects,and the total incidence was 25.8%.The incidence of the vaginal delivery group（28.7%）was significantly higher than that of the selective cesarean section group（20.3%）（x~2=11.180,P〈0.05）.The occurrence of urinary incontinence was significantly correlated with the regular drinking of coffee or tea,the family history of urinary incontinence,prenatal urinary incontinence,chronic cough,constipation,and anterior vaginal wall prolapse respectively（P〈0.05）.The multi-factor unconditioned logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors of postpartum urinary incontinence consisted of chronic cough,constipation,the family history of urinary incontinence and prenatal urinary incontinence,and the cesarean section was a good way of preventing urinary incontinence.Conclusion The incidence of early urinary incontinence is higher after delivery in primiparas of vaginal delivery than in those of selective cesarean section,and the independent risk factors of postpartum urinary incontinence in primiparas are vaginal delivery,chronic cough,constipation,the family history of urinary incontinence and prenatal urinary i