中文摘要：

农村居民点作为中国城乡二元化的重要体现形式，是农村人地关系问题产生的主导因素和农村社会的基本单元。该文以重庆市石柱县临溪镇2010～2014年的新建居民点和复垦数据为主要数据源，采用偏离度和空间变异系数分析各环境因素对居民点新建与复垦分布的影响，并利用极值法对新建居民适宜区域和居民点复垦重点区域进行选择。结果表明：不同环境因素对新建居民点与居民点复垦的空间分布影响差异性明显，道路和场镇因素对2类居民点空间数量分布的影响最大。居民点复垦在道路与耕地2影响因素的偏离度最大值分别为0．69和-0．503，这2类因素是影响居民点复垦的主要因素。新建居民点在道路和坡度的偏离度值分别为-0．742和-0．106，该2类因素是影响新建居民点的关键因素。居民点复垦总体偏离度绝对值为1．53，对居民点总体布局的影响比新建居民点大。环境因素分级因子对新建与居民点复垦影响差异突出，新建居民点靠近城镇、道路、河流以及分布于6°～15°缓坡的趋向明显；居民点复垦远离城镇、道路及分布于陡坡的趋势突出。利用极值法研究发现，道路0～10 m和坡度6°～150°的分级因子组合为最适宜的新建居民点区域，道路大于40 in和耕地70-10 in的分级因子组合为居民点复垦的重点区域。该研究对典型山地丘陵区的新建农村居民点选址及复垦重点区域选择具有理论意义与实践价值。

英文摘要：

The rural settlement was an important manifestation of the urban-rural dual structure in China. At the same time,it was a leading factor of rural human-land conflict,and a basic unit of rural social. The data, including new settlements andreclamation settlements in Shizhu district Linxi town of Chongqing from 2010 to 2014, were taken as main source.Applying deviation degree and spatial variation coefficient, the difference which each environment factor influence on newsettlements reclamation settlements were analyzed. And maximum method was applied to select most suitable area for newsettlements and key area for reclamation settlements. Results indicated that, the differences which each environment factorinfluence on spatial distribution of new settlements and reclamation settlements were obvious. The two environmentfactors, road and town, were the main influence factors on area proportion of new settlements and reclamation settlements.The maximum values of deviation degree which road and cultivated land influence on reclamation settlements were 0.69and -0.503. Road and cultivated land were main environment factors influence on reclamation settlements. The maximumvalues of deviation degree which road and slope influence on new settlements were -0.742 and -0.106. Slope and roadwere the most key environment factors influence on new settlements. The total deviation degree absolute value ofreclamation settlements was 1.53, which bigger than the value of new settlements. The influence of reclamation settlementswas more obvious on distribution of total settlements than that in new settlements. Different environment classificationfactor had various influence on new settlements and reclamation settlements. The trend of new settlement near the town,road, river and distribution on the area with 6~-15~slope, was obvious. And the trend of reclamation settlements far awayfrom road and town, distribution on the area with steep slope, was obvious too. The locations of most new settlements weretrend to the area near town for con