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海藻糖和蛋黄在人类精子冻干保存中的保护作用

期刊名称：中国生物医学工程学报 ,2007,26(1), 121-125
时间：0
分类：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程;医药卫生—基础医学]
作者机构：[1]中国科学技术大学热科学与能源工程系,合肥230027, [2]山东大学山东省立医院生殖医学中心,济南250021, [3]中国科学技术大学工程与材料科学实验中心,合肥230027, [4]中国科学院昆明动物研究所,昆明650223, [5]Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195-2600, USA
相关基金：国家自然科学基金重点项目（50436030）;中科院昆明动物研究所生殖生物学实验室开放课题基金（2004-2006）;中国科学技术大学研究生创新基金（2004-2006）.
相关项目：临床肿瘤冷热疗过程中的热物理问题研究

关键词：人类精子, 冻干, 保护剂, 海藻糖, 蛋黄, human spermatozoa, freeze drying, protective agents, trehalose, egg yolk

中文摘要：

人类精子冻干保存中损伤除了来自环境溶液对精子生理活性的损伤外，还会来自于冷冻和干燥过程。目前精子冻干保存中保护剂选取基本上都从生理化学角度考虑，目的为抑制精子内酶活性，没有考虑对冷冻和干燥损伤的抑制。大量文献表明蛋黄能减小冷冻对精子的损伤，而二糖（特别是海藻糖）在细胞干燥中具有特殊保护作用。本研究在前人一般使用的精子冻干保护剂中加入海藻糖，或同时加入海藻糖和蛋黄，通过伊红Y染色、低渗膨胀和电镜显微观测实验，比较不同组成的保护剂对精子结构和膜的保护作用。结果表明，通过加入海藻糖修正的保护剂能提高对精子结构的保护效果，当同时加入海藻糖和蛋黄时效果更好。

英文摘要：

The injury to the freeze-dried human spermatozoa is not only caused by the influence of preservation media to the physiological function, but also by the freezing and drying process. So far the selection of freeze-drying protective agents of sperm has focused on the view of physiological chemistry, aiming at restraining the enzyme activation in sperm. But the injury from freezing and drying was omitted. Many studies have showed that egg yolk could alleviate the freezing injury, and disaccharides （especially for trehalose） could offer special protection to cells during drying. In this work, trehalose was added to the freeze-drying protective agents that were commonly used by others, or trehalose and egg yolk were added together. According to the experimental results of Eosin Y staining, hypoosmotic swelling test and observation by microscopy, the protective functions of these media to the structure and membrane of the sperm were compared. The results implied that the media modified by trehalose could improve the protection to sperm, and the media supplemented with trehalose and egg yolk was the best.

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