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中文摘要：
运用XRD,SEM-EDS等检测手段,采用摇瓶试验,以At.f菌作为浸矿细菌,研究了3种脉石矿物对黄铜矿细菌浸出的影响及机制。通过模拟实际铜尾矿中脉石矿物组成,得出了石英、绢云母、白云石对黄铜矿细菌浸出的影响规律。研究结果表明,石英、绢云母能促进黄铜矿微生物浸出,而白云石由于是碱性矿物,含量较高时它的抑制作用很明显。铜浸出率由高到低的脉石矿物组合是：石英-绢云母（45.71%）、空白（42.71%）,石英-绢云母-白云石（30.16%）、石英-白云石（11.85%）、绢云母-白云石（10.75%）。浸渣的XRD及SEM-EDS分析表明,含脉石矿物石英时,新生成钝化物主要是黄钾铁矾,含绢云母时主要生成铵黄铁矾,含少量白云石时主要生成钙磷石、硫酸钙和非晶态的FeO（OH）。
英文摘要：
The mechanism of three kinds of gangue minerals on chalcopyrite bioleaching in shaking flask by At. f bacteria was studied by the test methods of XRD and SEM-EDS. The influence rules of quartz, sericite and dolomite on chalcopyrite bioleaching were obtained by leaching simulated copper tailings with the composition of gangue minerals. The results showed that quartz and sericite could promote chalcopyrite bioleaching, whereas dolomite could inhibit chalcopyrite bioleaching because of its alkaline property. According tothe impacts from strong to weak, the effects of the different composition of gangue minerals on the copper leaching rates were in the following order： quartz-sericite （45.71%, mass fraction）, blank （42.71%, mass fraction）, quartz-sericite-dolomite （30.16%, massfraction）, quartz-dolomite （11.85%, mass fraction）, sericite-dolomite （10.75%, mass fraction）. The XRD and SEM-EDS analysis of leaching residue showed that new generation of passivation was mainly jarosite when gangue minerals contained quartz, the ammoniojarosite mainly generated when gangue minerals contained sericite and the brushite, calcium sulphate and noncrystalline FeO （OH） mainly generated when gangue minerals contained dolomite.
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