中文摘要：

目的 测量中国汉族正常成人第四脑室容积的正常值,为建立中国标准脑提供基础数据.方法 采用全国多中心临床研究形式,选取18～70岁健康中国成年志愿者1000名,按照年龄18～30、31～40、41～50、51～60、61～70岁进行分组,分别定义为A、B、C、D、E年龄段组,每组男、女均为100名,对所有受试者均行3D磁化强度预备梯度回波序列T1WI,对3D数据重组后于矢状面通过软件自动追踪结合手工勾绘第四脑室边界测量其容积,对不同性别、不同年龄组统计分析分别采用独立样本t检验、方差分析,对年龄和容积作Pearson相关分析.结果 男、女性第四脑窒容积分别为（2.2±0.9）、（1.9±0.6）ml,性别间差异有统计学意义（t=5.573,P=0.000）,男性第四脑室容积大于女性.男性A、B、C、D、E组第四脑室容积分别为（2.1±0.9）、（2.1±0.8）、（2.2±0.8）、（2.1±1.0）、（2.4±0.8）ml,5组间差异有统计学意义（F=2.639,P=0.033）,E组与A、B、C、D组分别比较差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0.05）;女性分别为（2.0±0.7）、（1.9±0.6）、（1.8±0.6）、（1.9±0.7）、（2.0±0.6）ml,各组间差异无统计学意义（F=1.788,P=0.130）.男性容积和年龄有相关,但相关性不强（r=0.119,P=0.008）;女性容积和年龄不相关（r=0.041,P=0.360）.结论 正常中国成人第四脑窜容积大小存在性别差异;男女性第四脑室容积随年龄变化情况存在不同.

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the normal range of the fourth ventricle volume of Chinese adults of the Han nationality and provide morphological data for the construction of database for Chinese Standard Brain.Methods This is a clinical multi-center study.One thousand Chinese healthy volunteers （age range= 18 to 70） recruited from 15 hospitals were divided into 5 groups, i.e., Group A （age range = 18 to 30）,B （age range =31 to 40）, C （age range =41 to 50）, D （age range =51 to 60）, and E （age range =61 to 70）.Each group contained 100 males and 100 females.All of the volunteers were scanned by MR using T1 weighted three-dimensional magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo sequence.After three dimension data reconstruction, the volumes of the fourth ventricle were measured at sagittal view by automatic trace of Midobl.2 combined with manual outlining.The difference of volumes of the fourth ventricle between male and female were analyzed by independent sample t test, and among age groups by ANOVA.Pearson＇s correlation coeffcient was used to characterize the relationship between volumes of the fourth ventricle and age.Results The fourth ventricle volumes of Group A-E were （2.1±0.9）, （2.1±0.8）, （2.2±0.8）, （2.1±1.0） and （2.4±0.8） ml respectively for male; those for female were（2.0±0.7）, （1.9±0.6）, （18±0.6）, （1.9±0.7） and （2.0±0.6） ml respectively.The fourth ventricle volumes of males were significantly larger than those of females （ t = 5.573, P =0.000 ） ; there were no significant differences among the female groups （ F = 1.788, P = 0.130 ） ; there were significant differences among the male groups （ F = 2.639, P = 0.033 ） and multiple comparison found that the 60 years old was the watershed with significant difference （ P 〈 0.05 ）.Correlation between the change of males＇ volumes and the ages was not strong （r = 0.119, P = 0.008 ）, and the females＇ volumes did not correlated with their ages （ r = 0.041,P = 0.360