目的探讨帕金森病(Pakinson’s disease,PD)患者的时间感知障碍。方法采用时距复制的检查方法,对32例原发性PD患者和32名健康对照者进行时间感知能力测试。结果在3s的时间复制任务中,PD患者组在延迟1s[(2.15±0.34)s]和延迟5s[(2.08±0.37)s]的情况下时间复制能力明显下降,表现为低估时问,与对照组[分别为(2.78±0.31)s和(2.74±0.32)s]相比差异均有统计学意义(t=-7.459、-7.533,均P〈0.01);在5s的时间复制任务中,PD患者组在延迟1s[(3.11±0.52)s]和延迟5s[(2.96±0.54)s]的情况下时间复制能力较对照组[分别为(3.99±0.39)s和(4.05±0.40)s]亦有明显下降,表现为低估时间,差异均有统计学意义(t=-7.609、-9.120,均P〈0.01);但在600ms的时间复制中,PD患者组在延迟1s[(0.90±0.18)s]和延迟5s[(0.91±0.17)s]的情况下时间复制能力与对照组[分别为(0.91±0.18)S和(0.89±0.16)s]相比差异无统计学意义(t=0.347、-0.519,P=0.730、0.606)。结论PD患者存在时间感知障碍,主要表现为对秒以上长时距的低估,而对毫秒范围内的短时距感知无损伤。
Objective To explore the impairment of time perception in patients with Parkinson' s disease (PD). Method Thirty-two individuals with idiopathic PD were compared with 32 matched healthy controls using a time reproduction task. Result Compared with healthy controls for the 3-second duration reproduction task, PD patients in the setting of a delay by 1 s ( (2. 78 ± 0. 31 ) s and (2. 15 ± 0. 34) s, respectively) and a delay by 5 s ( (2.74 ±0. 32) s and (2. 08 ±0. 37) s, respectively) showed impairment in time perception with a significant under-estimation of the duration (t = - 7.459, - 7. 533, both P 〈 0. 01 ). When compared with healthy controls for the 5-second duration reproduction task, PD patients in the setting of a delay by 1 s ((3.99 ±0. 39) s and (3.11±0. 52) s) and 5 s ((4. 05±0. 40) s and (2. 96 ± 0. 54 ) s) also showed impairment in time perception with a significant under-estimation of the duration (t = - 7. 609 and - 9. 120, both P 〈 0. 01 ). When compared with healthy controls for the 600-millisecond duration reproduction task, PD patients in the setting of delay by 1 s ((0.91±0. 18) s and (0.90 ± 0. 18) s, respectively) and by 5 s ( (0. 89 ± 0. 16) s and (0.91 ± 0. 17 ) s, respectively) did not have impaired time perception, and the difference was not significant ( t = 0. 347, P = 0. 730 ; t = - 0. 519, P = 0. 606, respectively). Conclusion Our data indicates that time perception is impaired in PD patients. Impaired time perception is mainly an under-estimation of the time interval in seconds rather than milliseconds.