中文摘要：

本文运用包含非期望产出的超效率SBM模型测算出1998—2013年中国省域生态效率值,并基于动态空间杜宾模型,检验了财政分权、环境规制对生态效率的影响。研究表明,第一,生态效率本身具有＂时间惯性＂和＂空间溢出＂效应;第二,在晋升激励体制下,财政分权程度的提升引致生态效率的下降,且这种现象具有＂空间溢出＂效应,在财政分权度较高的东、西部地区,空间溢出效应尤为显著;第三,不同类型的环境规制对区域生态效率具有不同的影响,＂治理投入型＂环境规制与生态效率之间存在＂U＂型关系,＂经济激励型＂环境规制在全国层面及区域层面对生态效率均没有显著影响;第四,随着环境规制强度的提高,财政分权对生态效率的作用将由＂攫取之手＂向＂援助之手＂转变。因此,生态效率高值区应主动发挥其＂示范作用＂与＂溢出效应＂;中央政府有必要优化财政分权制度,引致其在区域生态发展中发挥积极作用;地方政府应采取治理投入为主、经济激励为辅的环境规制;必须强化环境规制约束,以促使财政分权在经济、环境中发挥＂援助之手＂作用。

英文摘要：

This article adopts super-efficiency SBM model which contains undesirable outputs to calculate the eco-efficiency of provincial regions in China during the period 1998 -2013, and analyzes how fiscal decentralization and environmental regulation influence regional eco-efficiency based on dynamic spatial Durbin model. Our results show that, firstly, eco-efficiency has the characteristic of time inertia and spatial spillover. Secondly, due to the promotion incentives, eco-efficiency decreases when the degree of fiscal decentralization improves, and the correlation has spatial spillover effect, especially in the eastern and western regions with higher fiscal decentralization level. Thirdly, different types of environmental regulations have different effects on regional eco- efficiency. We find a U-shaped relationship between the investment-type regulation and eco-efficiency, but incentive-type regulation doesn＇ t show a significant impact at national or regional levels. Fourthly, when the intensity of environmental regulation rises, the role of fiscal decentralization on eco-efficiency will change from ＇ grabbing hand＇ to ＇ helping hand＇. Therefore, the areas with higher eco- efficiency should exert their demonstration effects and spillover effects. It is necessary for the central government to optimize the fiscal decentralization system, and guide it to play an active role in the development of regional ecology. The local governments should take investment-type environmental regulation supplemented by incentive-type regulation. We must increase the intensity of environmental regulation, and promote fiscal decentralization to play the role of ＇ helping hand＇ in the economy and environment.