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中文摘要：
对泾河流域的水沙特性进行分析，是以黄土高原地区水土保持、防洪减沙为根本出发点，并为黄土高原综合治理提供依据．基于大量的观测数据，选取了泾河流域集水面积218～40281km。的16个水文站点1979-1990年的逐日水沙过程资料，运用统计的方法，系统分析了泾河流域不同空间尺度上的两个主要水沙要素（输沙率和侵蚀模数）的均值、方差、变差系数、偏态系数的变化规律，并对尺度转换和尺度分析问题进行初探．结果表明，泾河流域空间尺度的变化对输沙率的影响很大，集水面积与输沙率成正比；侵蚀模数与集水面积之间不是一个固定的关系，总的趋势是在小流域范围内侵蚀模数出现波动，在中、大流域范围内时侵蚀模数与集水面积呈现反比的关系．表明不同尺度下，水沙运动要素呈现出不同的变异特性，反映了水沙运动的尺度效应．
英文摘要：
To carry on the analysis of water and sediment characteristics in Jinghe river basin is based on soil and water conservation, flood control and sediment reduction of the loess plateau area, and provide a basis for the comprehensive management of the loess plat-eau. Based on a large number of observation data, daily water and sediment process data from 1979 to 1990 is firstly selected from 16 hydrological sites in Jinghe river basin with catchment area from 218 km^2 to 40 281 km^2 , then using statistical method, change rules a- bout the mean value, variance, coefficient of variation, skewness coefficient of two main elements of water and sediment i. e. the sedi-ment discharge and the erosion modulus are systematically analyzed in different spatial scales of Jinghe river basin. Lastly, the scale conversion and analysis are studied. The results show as follows： The change of space scale seriously affects the sediment discharge, and the catchment area is in direct proportional to the sediment discharge; There isnt a fixed relationship between the erosion modulus and the catchment area, whereas the general trend is the erosion modulus fluctuates within small watersheds, and it is in inversely pro-portional to the catchment area within large and medium watersheds. The resuhs also indicate that water and sediment movement ele-ments show different variation characteristics in different scales, which reflects the scale effect of water and sediment movement.
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