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中文摘要：
已有的城市洪涝仿真模型以一、二维非恒定流水力学模型为基础,采用无结构不规则网格建模技术,在网格形心或特殊型节点处计算水位,在网格周边通道上计算单宽流量,对城市洪涝过程进行模拟。针对该模型对河道型计算单元的断面仅按矩形概化的缺点,对河道型网格水位及特殊型河道通道流量的算法进行了改进,即将原模型中的河道断面相关参数作为变量处理,使模型能反映不同类型河道断面的水位流量变化,提高对河道洪水过程的模拟精度。同时,改进后的算法更有利于模型根据城市河道的实际治理状况进行及时更新和扩展。将改进后的模型应用于济南市,其计算结果与实测资料对比表明,该模型能更合理地模拟济南市城区低洼地积水、街道行洪、铁路立交积水和河道洪水过程,计算可为济南市城区防汛预警决策提供参考信息。
英文摘要：
The current numerical model for simulating the flooding in urban area is established on the basis of one and two-dimensional unsteady flow theory and the technique of unstructured and irregular grids. The water level is calculated in the centroid of grids and discharge per unit width is calculated on the passages around grids. An improved method that change the parameters of cross-section to varibles is proposed to calculate the water level of river type grids and discharges on special river type passages in order to simulate the flood process in the river with different type cross-section. The method is also convenient for the model to update and extend in time according to the actual harnessing projects of river channels. The application of the improved model to the Jinan city shows that it can simulate the flooding in low-lying area and under railway interchange, flood spreading along streets and flood process in rivers more reliably and provide the imformation for the flood prevention warning and flood control decision-making.
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