中文摘要：

【目的】探讨影响核桃（Juglans regia L.）种子贮藏寿命的关键因素和适宜的贮藏条件,建立一种高效、快速、安全的测量核桃在不同贮藏条件下内含化学物质变化的方法。【方法】选择3种理化品质不同的核桃,利用L18（37）正交设计表,选择贮藏温度（-20℃、4℃、15℃）、种子含水率（4%、8%、12%）和不同硬壳厚度的核桃种类3个因素。在贮藏1 a（年）后,利用傅里叶红外光谱仪对不同贮藏条件下的核桃种子进行测定,以贮藏前后红外光谱相似度、脂肪特征峰面积减少量、碳水化合物特征峰面积减少量作为核桃氧化酸败程度的评价指标,利用极差分析确定最佳贮藏条件。【结果】温度是影响种子贮藏寿命的关键因素,4℃是最适宜的贮藏温度,而核桃种子含水率为8%时进行4℃冷藏最合适;核桃贮藏寿命也与种子的理化品质有一定关系。【结论】核桃贮藏应根据不同核桃的理化品质选择适宜的贮藏温度和含水率。而傅立叶红外光谱法可作为一种快速、高效、直接的测定核桃种子物质成分组成和相对含量的方法。研究结果可为核桃种质资源的保存提供一定的理论依据。

英文摘要：

【Objective】To study the effects of key factors on walnut（Juglans regia L.） seed storage life and the appropriate storage conditions,and to develop an efficient,fast,safe method to measure the chemical changes of walnut under different storage conditions.【Methods】Three kinds of walnuts with different physical and chemical quality were selected,and the storage condition included temperature（-20 ℃,4 ℃,15 ℃）,seed moisture content（4%,8%,12%） and walnut type. L18（37） orthogonal design table was involved in experiment. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer was used to measure the walnut seeds under different storage conditions,and the infrared spectra similarity,the reduction of characteristic peak area of fat and carbohydrate were used as the index of oxidative rancidity. The optimum storage conditions were determined by extreme difference analysis.【Results】The results showed that temperature was the key factor affecting the storage longevity of seeds,and 4 ℃ was the optimal temperature with seed moisture content of 8%; there was a certain relationship between the storage life and walnut seed physicochemical quality.【Conclusion】The appropriate storage temperature and water content for walnut storage should be determined according to the physical and chemical quality of walnut.. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer could be used as a method for fast,efficient,direct determination of chemical composition and relative content of walnut seed. The results of this study could provide a certain theoretical basis for the preservation of walnut germplasm.